Pinus io 35 



Cultivation 



P. parviflora x was introduced into cultivation in England by John Gould Veitch 

 in 1 86 1. In England, as is the case in Japan, it bears cones at an early age, which 

 render it rather unsightly as an ornamental tree. The seeds ripen early in the 

 season, and are eaten by finches with great avidity. Seedlings have been raised 

 from home-grown seed. The largest tree that I have seen is one at Wilton House 

 which in 1906 was 36 ft. by 3^ ft. At Eggesford, in Devonshire, it forms a large 

 spreading bush. At Blackmoor, at Westonbirt, and many other places I have seen 

 very similar specimens, of from 20 to 30 ft. high, on lawns, and except as a purely 

 ornamental tree it has no value whatever. 



At Grafrath, near Munich, the tree is rather fast in growth, and perfectly hardy ; 

 but it suffers much from attacks of Agaricus melleus. 



In New England, 2 Pinus parviflora grows rapidly, and resists the most severe 

 cold. There are specimens 20 to 25 ft. in height, which produce cones in pro- 

 fusion. (H. J. E.) 



PINUS CEMBRA, Alpine Pine 



Pinus Cetnbra, Linnaeus, Sp. PI. 1000 (1753) ; Loudon, Arb. et Frut. Brit. iv. 2274 (1838) ; Murray, 

 in Lawson, Pinet. Brit. i. 17, t. 3 (1884); Willkomm, Forstliche Flora, 169 (1887); Mathieu, 

 Flore Forestiire, 622 (1897); Kent, Veitch's Man. Conifera, 317 (1900); Masters, in Journ. 

 Lin. Soc. (Bot.) xxxv. 583 (1904); Kirchner, Loew u. Schroter, Lebensgeschichte Bliitenpfl. 

 Mittcleuropas, i. 241 (1905); Clinton-Baker, Illust. Conif. i. 14 (1909). 



Pinus sibirica, Mayr, in Allgem. Forst- u. Jagdzeitung, 1900, ex Fremdldnd. Wald- u. Parkbdume, 

 388(1906). 



A tree attaining about 130 ft. high in Siberia and 70 ft. in central Europe. 

 Bark of young trees greenish grey, smooth or warty, with resin blisters ; on old 

 stems reddish grey, and dividing into thin scaly plates. Buds ovoid, resinous, 

 about \ in. long, acuminate at the apex, the long subulate free points of the scales 

 being usually appressed together and not spreading as in P. koraiensis. Young 

 branchlets with prominent pulvini, and densely covered with an orange-brown 

 shaggy tomentum. Older branchlets roughened by scars and dark in colour. 



Leaves 3 in fives, persistent three to five years, densely crowded, more or less 

 spreading or appressed and nearly parallel to the branchlets, 2$ to 3^ in. long, 

 slender, curved, acute or acuminate at the apex ; margin with fine and not very close 

 serrulations, which are not continued to the extreme tip ; dark green, with incon- 

 spicuous whitish stomatic lines on the two inner surfaces ; resin-canals three, median. 



Staminate flowers sessile, about \ in. long, yellow ; connective violet, serrulate. 

 Young cones, violet, nearly \ in. long, erect, solitary, or in whorls of two to six. 



1 CC Card. Chron. 1 86 1, p. 265. The cones collected by J. Gould Veitch in i860, figured by Murray in Proc. Hort. Soc. 

 u. 272, fig. 13 (1862), as well as those collected by Maries in 1879 and by J. H. Veitch in 1892, came from Yezo, and are those 

 ascribed to var. pentaphylla. From the seeds of these cones some of the trees in cultivation in this country are derived, yet 

 these invariably bear short cones, like those of the typical form described by Siebold. Similarly, in the Arnold Arboretum, 

 a small tree of P. pentaphylla, raised from Yezo seed, has borne short cones. (A H.) 



J Garden and Forest, viii. 306 (1895) and x. 461 (1897). 



s The leaves emit, especially in summer, a very agreeable peculiar odour. Cf. Gard. Chron. xx. 301, 309 (1883). 



