Pinus io 79 



PINUS RADIATA, Monterey Pine 



Pinus radiata, 1 Don, in Trans. Linn. Soc. xvii. 442 (1836); Sargent, Silva N. Amer. xi. 103, tt. 573, 

 574 (1897), and Trees N. Amer. 21 (1905); Kent, Veitch's Man. ConifercE, 370 (1900); 

 Masters, xnjourn. Linn. Soc. {Bot) xxxv. 595 (1904). 



Pinus tuberculata, Don, loc. tit. (not Gordon). 



Pinu- insignis, Douglas, ex Loudon, Arb. et Frut. Brit. iv. 2265 (1838); Forbes, Pin. Woburn. 51, 

 t. 18 (1839); Lawson, Pin. Brit. i. 37 (1884); Baines, in Gard. Chron. ix. 108, figs. 22, 23 

 (1878); Masters, in Gard. Chron. ix. 337, fig. 77 (1891); Clinton-Baker, Illust. Com/, i. 26 

 (1909). 



Pinus Sindairii, Hooker et Arnott, Bot. Beechey's Voyage,' 2 392, t. 93 (1841). 



Pinus Monte reyensis, Rauch, ex Gordon, Pinetum, 197 (1858). 



A tree, attaining at Monterey about 100 ft. in height and 20 ft. in girth. Bark 

 about 2 in. thick, dark brown, deeply divided into broad flat scaly ridges. Young 

 branchlets glabrous, reddish brown, with prominent pulvini. Buds to f in. long, 

 cylindrical, pointed, brown ; scales closely appressed and coated with resin. 



Leaves in threes, persistent three years, densely crowded on the branchlets, 

 bright green, 4 to 5 in. long, about ^ in. broad, slender and flexible, serrulate, 

 ending in a short cartilaginous tip, marked with stomatic lines on the three sides ; 

 resin-canals median ; basal sheath in. long. 



Cones lateral, on stout short stalks, solitary or in clusters of two or three, 

 deflexed or spreading, about 3 to 5 in. long, ovoid with a pointed apex, shining 

 brown, very asymmetrical, with the scales much thickened from the middle to the 

 base on the outer side, their apophyses elevated into protuberances, directed down- 

 wards ; elsewhere with the apophyses flatter, rhomboidal, marked with a transverse 

 linear ridge and a dark brown umbo, armed with a minute prickle. Seed oval, 

 about \ in. long, blackish and tuberculate ; wing light brown, with darker longitudinal 

 stripes, about an inch long. 



In this species the shoots, when vigorous, are multinodal, and often show a ring 

 of buds in the middle of the branchlet, as well as one subtending the terminal bud. 

 At Monterey, 3 the shoots regularly produce two whorls of cones ; and many trees 

 show three, four, or even five whorls, but in this case many of the cones remain 

 unfertilised and shrivel up at the beginning of the second year. In cultivated trees 

 in this country and in dense stands at Monterey the cones are persistent, remaining 

 unopened on the branches for several years, or in some cases even retaining the 

 cones on the main stem or on the largest and oldest branches. In exposed trees at 

 Monterey, the cones usually open, immediately after ripening, with the onset of the 

 warm weather that occurs in autumn. 



The seedlings have five to seven cotyledons, and are variable in habit, some 



1 This is the oldest certain name, and the one exclusively used by American botanists and foresters. P. adunca, Poiret, 

 in Lamarck, Encycl. Suppl. iv. 418 (1816), may be this species, but the description is very imperfect. 



2 The drawing and description represent a large coned form of P. radiata. The cone in the Kew Museum labelled 

 " P. Sindairii (?) " is P. Montezuma ; but it is not the cone described by Hooker and Arnott ; and Engelmann in Brewer 

 and Watson, Bot. Calif, ii. 128 (1880), is incorrect in assuming P. Sindairii to be a factitious species. 



3 J. B. Hickman, in Erythea, iv. 194 (1896). 



