Pinus IX 45 



soils it attains enormous dimensions, Mayr recording a tree 140 ft. in height and 

 1 1 ft. in girth. The timber is difficult to work, and inferior in quality to that of 

 P. densifiora, but is superior for firewood and yields resin. 



Cultivation 



P. Thunbergii was introduced into Holland by Siebold in 1855, and into England 

 by J. Gould Veitch in 1861. It is often seen in private collections and botanic 

 gardens, as at Kew, Glasnevin, and Bayfordbury ; but nowhere has attained con- 

 siderable dimensions, the finest specimen being one at Dropmore, planted in 1861, 

 which was 52 ft. high by 6 ft. in girth in 1909. There are two trees at Eastnor 

 Castle, the larger of which is 48 ft. by 5 ft., and the smaller 42 ft. by 3 ft. 5 in. 

 Another at Grayswood, near Haslemere, planted in 1881, is a wide-spreading tree, 

 39 ft. in height and 4 ft. 3 in. girth in 1906. It gives little promise of being a useful 

 tree for planters, though it might be tried near the sea-coast. Lord de Saumarez 

 wrote in 1897 to Kew that he had found this species invaluable for planting in 

 Guernsey on the most exposed points close to the sea, where all other pines, 

 including P. Pinaster, had failed. In 1909, trees planted twenty years had attained 

 25 ft. in height. At Grafrath, near Munich, it is slow in growth and much injured by 

 snow, a tree twenty-five years old being only 13 ft. high. In New England it 

 is perfectly hardy. (H. J. E.) 



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