1242 The Trees of Great Britain and Ireland 



King's river canon in California, where their trunks rose tall and straight amongst 

 Libocedrus decurrens and Pinus ponderosa. In late autumn the foliage turns to fine 

 yellow and crimson colours. 



This tree was discovered by Hartweg in 1846 near Sonoma, among the foot- 

 hills of the Californian Sierras ; and is named after Dr. Albert Kellogg, the pioneer 

 botanist of California, who was one of the founders of the Californian Academy of 

 Sciences, and Curator of the Herbarium in San Francisco. According to Lemmon, 1 

 it is generally known as the Kellogg oak. 



This species is little known in cultivation ; and Schneider doubts if it exists on 

 the continent. It appears to have been first introduced by the Earl of Ducie, 

 who has at Tortworth two fine specimens about 30 ft. high by 2 ft. 3 in. which were 

 raised from acorns obtained from San Francisco in 1878. These are making rapid 

 growth. 



There is a smaller "specimen at Kew which ripened acorns in 1907. 



(A. H.) 



QUERCUS RUBRA, Red Oak 



Quercus rubra, Linnaeus, Sj>. PI. 996 (1753); Michaux, Hist. Chenes Am. No. 20, tt. 35, 36 (1801); 

 Loudon, Arb. et Prut. Brit. iii. 1877 (1838); Sargent, Silva N. Amer. viii. 125, tt. 409, 410 

 (1895), and Trees N. Amer. 230 (1905). 



A tree, attaining in America 150 ft. in height and 12 ft. in girth. Bark on 

 young trees smooth, thin, grey ; becoming on old trunks about an inch in thickness 

 and divided on the surface into small scaly plates. Young branchlets glabrous, 

 dark red, with white lenticels. Buds ovoid, acute, about J in. long, reddish brown, 

 often pubescent at the tip ; scales glabrous, with ciliate margins. Leaves (Plate 333, 

 Figs. 3 and 8) deciduous, membranous, 5 to 8 in. long, 4 to 6 in. broad, oval or 

 obovate, cuneate or rounded at the base, acute or acuminate at the apex, usually 

 divided about half-way to the midrib, by wide oblique sinuses, into seven to eleven 

 ovate or triangular lobes, broad at the base, and with one to three bristle-pointed 

 teeth at the apex ; upper surface dark green, glabrous ; lower surface dull or pale 

 green, glabrous, except for slight axil-tufts of pubescence; petiole 1 to 2 in. long, 

 glabrous. 



Fruit ripening in the second year, solitary or in pairs, sessile or stalked ; acorn 

 ovoid, f in. to 1 in. long, broad at the base, rounded at the apex, enclosed only at 

 the base in a thick, shallow, saucer-like cupule, f in. to 1 in. in diameter, pubescent 

 within, and covered externally with closely appressed, thin, ovate, minutely pubes- 

 cent scales. 



The red, scarlet, and pin oaks are often confused ; but may readily be dis- 

 tinguished by the characters of the buds and leaves, given for each species in the 

 Key, Nos. 14, 15, and 16. See also, under Q. coccinea, p. 1248, and Q. palustris, 



1 Oaks of Pacific Slope, 14 (1902). 





