Quercus I2 99 



or five pairs of serrations in the apical half of the blade ; upper surface dark green, 

 stellate-pubescent on the midrib, elsewhere glabrescent ; lower surface light green, 

 glabrous except for dense pubescence on the base of the midrib, continuous with 

 that on the very short stout petiole. 



Fruit ripening in the second year, sub-sessile ; cupule hemispherical, about f in. 

 in diameter, tomentose within, and covered externally with whitish tomentose 

 closely appressed scales, dark red at the tips ; acorn, | to | in. long, tomentose 

 towards the apex. 



This species is a native of Japan, where it was discovered near Simoda ; and in 

 recent years has been found in the high mountains of western China in the 

 provinces of Szechwan and Yunnan. 



In Kew Gardens, the only place where we have seen this species, it forms an 

 elegant shrub, with dense bright green foliage, and is perfectly hardy. The oldest 

 specimen, which has not yet produced acorns, is about 15 ft. high, and was intro- 

 duced by Oldham, who made collections in Japan in 1861 and 1862. Smaller 

 specimens, 2 to 6 ft. high, have been obtained since from Japan. (A. H.) 



QUERCUS CHRYSOLEPIS 



Quercus chrysolepis, Liebmann, in Overs. Dansk. Vidensk. Selsk. Forhandl. 173 (1854); Sargent, 



Silva N. Amer. viii. 105, tt. 398, 399 (1895), and Trees N. Amer. 257 (1905). 

 Quercus fulvescens, Kellogg, in Proc. Calif. Acad. i. 67 (1855). 

 Quercus crassipocula, Torrey, in Pacific R. R. Rep. iv. 1, p. 137 (1856). 



A tree, occasionally attaining 50 ft. in height and 15 ft. in girth, with wide- 

 spreading branches ; often shrubby. Bark covered with small appressed scales. 

 Young branchlets with scattered stellate pubescence. Leaves (Plate 338, Fig. 61) 

 coriaceous, persistent three years, very variable in size and shape, often entire on 

 old trees ; on young trees, oblong ovate, about 2 in. long and \\ in. wide, acute and 

 spine-tipped at the apex, broad and usually cordate at the base ; margin with twelve 

 to twenty spiny triangular small teeth ; upper surface dark green with minute 

 stellate pubescence ; lower surface more or less covered with yellow appressed hairs 

 and dotted with minute shining glands ; petiole, \ in. long, pubescent, glandular. 



Fruit ripening in the second year, solitary, sessile or sub-sessile ; acorn ovoid, 

 variable in length, slightly pubescent at the apex, enclosed at the base in a thick 

 turbinate cupule, covered with triangular scales, hoary at their short free tips, or 

 hidden in a dense yellow tomentum. 



This species is extraordinarily variable both in foliage and fruit ; and is most 

 readily recognised by the glands on the lower surface of the leaf. 



In var. vaccinifolia, Engelmann, in Trans. St. Louis Acad. iii. 393 (1878), a 

 low prostrate shrub, growing on sub-alpine slopes, the leaves are usually oval and 

 entire, and scarcely exceed an inch in length. 



This species is more widely distributed than Q. agrifolia and Q. Wislizeni, the 



