1328 The Trees of Great Britain and Ireland 



Q. grosseserrata 1 is a native of Japan and the Kurile Isles, and is said to have 

 a more northerly distribution than Q. crispula, though both, according to Sargent, 

 grow together on the hills of central Yezo, forming large trees and producing timber 

 of excellent quality. I collected this oak at Asahigawa, in this region, at 500 ft. 

 elevation, where it was growing in open forests mixed with Q. dentata. Sargent 

 reports Q. crispula to be common on the low ground and near the banks of streams 

 in Yezo; and states that he saw fine forests of it on the Nikko mountains. It is 

 known as onara in Japan, where the timber is largely used for sleepers. I believe 

 that this tree produces the greater part of the oak timber which has lately been 

 exported in quantity to Europe and to California, and is very favourably spoken of 

 by Messrs. Marsh, Jones, and Cribb of Leeds, who have used it for furniture. 

 When quarter sawn it shows a good figure, and is not easy to distinguish from 

 Austrian oak. 



Sargent collected acorns of this oak in Japan in 1892, from which plants were 

 raised in the Arnold Arboretum. These are said by Rehder to be perfectly hardy 

 and to bear handsome foliage. Some of these plants, sent to Kew in 1893, are about 

 10 ft. high, but do not look very thriving. Acorns sent to me by Prof. Miyabe 

 from Sapporo in 1905 germinated, but grew badly on my soil, and are now dead. 



(H. J. E.) 



QUERCUS GLAUCA 



Quercus glauca, Thunberg, Fl. Jap. 175 (1784); Franchet et Savatier, Enum. PL Jap. i. 448 (1875), 

 and ii. 501 (1879) ; Hooker, Fl. Brit. India, v. 604 (1888); Skan, in Journ. Linn. Soc. (Bot.) 

 xxvi. 515 (1899); Shirasawa, Icon. Ess. Forest. Japon, text 56, t. 30, figs. 13-24 (1900); 

 Gamble, Indian Timbers, 677 (1902). 



Quercus annulata, Smith, in Rees, Cyclop, xxix. No. 22 (1819) ; Loudon, Arb. et Frut. Brit. iii. 1921 

 (1838). 



Quercus phullata, Buchanan- Hamilton, in D. Don, Prod. Nep. 57 (1825). 



A large tree. Young branchlets pubescent at first, soon becoming glabrous. 

 Leaves (Plate 338, Fig. 52) coriaceous, persistent two or three years, about 3 in. 

 long and 1 in. broad, lanceolate, acuminate at the apex, rounded or cuneate at the 

 base, margin mucronate-serrate in its upper half; lateral nerves about ten pairs, 

 prominent beneath ; upper surface green, glabrous ; lower surface greyish or white, 

 with scattered appressed silky hairs ; petiole \ in. long, glabrous or with scattered 

 hairs. 



Fruit (section Cyclobalanopsis) ripening in the first year, one to three, sessile on 

 a short stalk ; acorn ovoid, acute, much exserted, similar to that of Q. Vibrayeana ; 

 cupule hemispheric, about \ in. wide, with grey tomentose scales, connate into four to 

 eight concentric zones, the lower with crenate, the upper with entire margins. 



1 Q. grosseserrata is closely allied to Q. mongolica, Fischer, ex Turczaninow, in Bull. Soc. Nat. Nfysc, 1838, p. 101. The 

 latter species is widely spread in Dahuria, Amurland, Manchuria, Mongolia, and northern China. The leaf, bud, and branch- 

 let of Q. mongolica are figured in Plate 337, Fig. 48 ; and a small tree in Kew Gardens, sent by Sargent in 1893, under the 

 name of Q. crispula, is possibly this species. As a rule, the plants usually found in cultivation under the name Q. mongolica 

 are Q. lanuginosa. (A. H). 



