94 



veloped turns to a rusty brown colour, and is 

 usually furrowed of surface. Another wound 

 parasite is Polyporus sulphur 'fits, which is 

 yellowish in colour and often two feet across. 

 It produces red-rot in oak, and is a common 

 occupant of old orchards. Cleaning away all 

 diseased wood and painting with creosote is 

 recommended. 



The red-rot fungus (Fomes annosus or 

 Trametes radiclperdd) attacks the roots of 

 several species of pine, particularly the Scotch, 

 Corsican, and Weymouth, as also the spruce 

 and silver fir. It is probably the most de- 

 structive of the family, attacking living roots 

 and spreading rapidly from tree to tree. The 

 trees, when affected, quickly turn sickly and 

 die, the wood turning spongy and of a brownish 

 colour, with distinct black spots. The only 

 remedy is to take out affected trees and burn 

 them root and branch, replanting the ground 

 with beech or elm. Though one of the most 

 destructive fungi in coniferous woodlands, yet 

 its attacks are by no means confined to such ; it 

 is also found on the roots of several hard-wooded 

 species, such as the filbert, hazel, birch, and 



