INSECT ATTACKS AND REMEDIES 133 



feeding upon the interior of the needle, causes 

 it to turn faded and yellow. It lives in the 

 tube thus formed during the winter, changing 

 to a pupa, and ultimately to a moth. It is 

 a most difficult matter with this insect as, 

 indeed, with all others that are fairly abundant 

 to suggest a remedy, and we have looked 

 over and examined larch plantations that are 

 differently situated in many respects to find 

 out under what conditions the attacks are 

 most persistent, but with little or no success- 

 healthy and unhealthy, native or Tyrolese, 

 suffering alike when grown as a pure crop. 

 Where the larches are intermixed with 

 hard-wooded trees sycamore, oak, and beech 

 the attacks are certainly less frequent, and 

 this we have now noticed in a number of cases. 

 Trees growing at high altitudes do not seem 

 to suffer less than those at only a few feet 

 above sea-level, and to this point particular 

 attention has been paid. Whether the wounds 

 caused by this insect will serve as a nidus for 

 the spores of Peziza Willkommii has yet to be 

 determined, but special importance should be 

 attached to all larch-feeding insects, and their 



