FRUIT TREES AND THEIR ENEMIES 161 



case of tall-stemmed trees, when, in order to 

 protect them from cattle grazing in the orchard, 

 a height of 5 or 6 feet is to be recommended. 

 The paper may either be pasted to the tree 

 stems or attached by a cord at top and bottom 

 of the band, care being taken that it fits tight, 

 in order to prevent insects crawling between 

 the band and bark. Ordinary cart-grease of 

 best quality should be smeared on the paper, 

 a narrow, thick band being preferable to a 

 wide, thin dressing. The best time to apply 

 the grease-bands is the beginning of October. 

 Hone's fruit-tree dressing is preferable to cart- 

 grease, and an American composition named 

 " Bandits " is also recommended. 



A weak emulsion of arsenate of lead, or 

 10 oz. of Paris green to 20 gallons of water, 

 will be found a useful winter preparation for 

 spraying infested trees. 



The woolly aphis or American blight (Schizo- 

 neura lanigera) is another pest of orchards, but 

 usually where the trees have been neglected. 

 This insect is of small size, and readily recog- 

 nised by the white cotton- like threads with 

 which it is encased. Its attacks are confined 



ii 



