ACCIDENTS AND DISEASES 187 



which attack both bark and heartwood are 

 particularly numerous where fruit trees are 

 extensively cultivated. As a chapter on the 

 pests of fruit trees is included in this book, 

 it will be unnecessary to enter into further 

 detail on the subject here. 



Ash. Though one of our hardiest trees, 

 the ash suffers much from several cankerous 

 diseases, the ulceration spreading rapidly and 

 causing the timber of the tree to be almost 

 valueless, unless for firewood purposes. After 

 being heavily thinned out, the ash is frequently 

 attacked by the ash coccus, this also putting 

 in an appearance when the tree is growing on 

 light, warm soils. Spraying with paraffin 

 emulsion will usually set matters right, an 

 operation that is next to impossible where 

 trees throughout a plantation are affected. 

 Attention to the soil in which the ash is 

 planted will alone prevent the disease. 



Beech. The beech is a thin- and tender- 

 barked tree, and liable to several insidious 

 diseases, foremost amongst which is that caused 

 by the felted beech coccus (Cryptococcus fagi), 

 from which so many trees have succumbed of 



