LIST OF FOREST-TREES. 



species. The flowers are also mor 

 numerous, and produced in large 

 bunches. The wood has not bee 

 proved as to its properties. All thes 

 trees are ornamental, and afford a coc 

 shade in summer. 



Timber or Forest Species. 



LIME-TREE. TILIA. Native of F 



Red-twigged Lime- 



tree ......... rubra ..... Britain ____ 5 



Yellow ......... europcca. . .Britain ... .5' 



Var. Jagged-lvd..faci'm/a. . .Britain. . . .3l 



White ......... Mba ...... Europe ____ 31 



Downy-leaved . . .pubtscrns . .Carolina. . .21 

 Smooth ......... grandifolia Britain 



Var. coral-twigged corallina. . Britain 

 Broad-leaved . . . .gldbra . . . . N. Amer. . .30 



Silvery-leaved . . .argentea , . Hungary _ 



Species for Ornament, <$<?. 



ACERINE^'. Nat. Sys. 

 Polygamia Moncecia. Linn. 



Eng. Name. 



MAPI.E-TREE. 



Bot. Name. 

 ACEH. 



Calyx, five-cleft ; corolla, five-petaled ; germs 

 two or three superior ; style, simple ; seed 

 single, roundish shaped, its capsule termi- 

 nated by a wing-like membrane. 



Time of sowing as soon as possible 

 after the seeds are ripe : some are oi 

 opinion that the seed should be pre- 

 served in dry sand until February or 

 the beginning of March. Soil This 

 genus will thrive in coarse land, but 

 the European species attains the 

 greatest size in a deep, moist soil, 

 free of stagnant moisture ; those 

 which are natives of America re- 

 quire a drier soil than the above. 



Uses The wood of the common maple 

 or sycamore is considered superior to 

 that of the beech for the uses of the 

 turner, in making domestic utensils, 

 and also for the uses of the joiner 

 for inlaying. It is sometimes also 

 used by musical instrument-makers ; 

 but it is chiefly valued for its pro- 

 perty of quick growth as coppice or 

 underwood. 



Timber or Forest Species. 

 Polygamia Moncecia. Linn. 



MAPLE-TREE. ACER. Native of Ft. 



Common campestre . . Britain ... 35 



Italian opalus Italy 50 



Norway , , ,platanoides .Europe . . .00 



Sycamore ....... pseudo-ptdtanus'Bnia.m.SQ 



(in Scotland, Plane-tree.) 



Sugar* ...... sacc/iarwumN. Amer. 40 70 



Species for Ornament, Shelter, or Underwood 



Striped-leaved, or ( pscudo-pldtanu 

 variegated...\ variegatum, 

 Blunt-leaved . . ..obtusitm . . . - 

 Sir C. Wager's. . .dasycdrpum N. Amer. 

 Bastard ........ hybridum. . .Hybrid 



Mountain ....... montdnum . . N. Amer. . . 8 



Ash-leaved 1 T* "":"".. } 3040 



\fraximfohum J 



Scarlet-leaved . . . riibrum .... 



Tartarian tatdricum . . Tartary 



* In America this tree is called rock maple, hard 

 maple as well as sugar maple. It is no where more 

 abundant than between the 46th and 43d degrees 

 of latitude, which comprise Canada. According 

 to Dr. Rush, there are ten millions of acn-a in the 

 northern parts of the states of New York and Penn- 

 sylvania, which contain these trees in the propor- 

 tion of thirty to an acre. The wood is rejected in 

 civil and naval architecture, but the wood of old 

 trees is esteemed for inlaying mahogany, and is 

 termed bird's-eye maple. To obtain the finest effect 

 caused by the inflection of the medullary rays, which 

 produce spots resembling the eye of birds, the log 

 should be sawn in a direction as nearly as possible 

 parallel to the concentric circles. The ashes are 

 ich in alkaline principle ; and it is asserted that 

 'our-fifths of the potash exported to Europe from 

 Boston and New York, are furnished by the sugar 

 maple. The sugar maple begins to be found wild 

 n Canada, near the 48th degree of latitude, a little 

 north of Lake St. John, and, as above stated, is most 

 abundant between the 46th and 43rd degree. It is 

 rery rare in the lower parts of Virginia, the Caro- 

 inas, and Georgia. It flourishes best where the 

 ioil, though rich, is cold and humid, and situated 

 >n elevated declivities. But the great value of the 

 iugur maple in America consists in the superior 

 quantity of sugar afforded by the sap of the tree, 

 n February or March, while the ground is covered 

 vith snow, and the cold is still intense, the tree is 

 ored to the depth of half an inch within the wood, 

 vith an auger three-quarters of an inch in diame- 

 er, and in an obliquely ascending direction, on the 

 outh side of the tree, and at about eighteen or 

 wenty inches from the ground. There are two 

 loles made in this manner, four or five inches 

 part. Tubes of eight or ten inches long, and three- 

 uarters of an inch in diameter, made of elder or 

 umac, having a portion of their length laid open, 

 re inserted into, them to conduct the sap into 

 roughs, which are made to contain two or three 

 lions. The sap continues to flow or yield sugar, 

 chaux observes, for six weeks, after which it de- 

 lines in quantity and quality. Four gallons of 

 ap are considered to give one pound of sugar, and 

 rom two to four pounds is mentioned as the pro- 

 uce of a tree. Sheds are erected near the trees, 

 'here the persons who conduct the process of 

 oiling the sap and extracting the sugar, are shel- 

 ered. Three persons are allowed to be sufficient 

 o tend 250 trees, which give 1000 Ibs. of sugar. It 

 stated that eighty millions of pounds of sugar are 

 onsumed in the United States, of which fifty mil- 

 ons are imported, ten millions furnished by the 

 ugar cane of Louisiana, and ten miWions from the 

 aple. Of the other maples above enumerated, 

 .eir comparative value, as timber trees, has not 

 een sufficiently proved to allow of separate notices 

 a the limits of these pages. 



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