LIST OF FOREST-TREES. 



99 



well, and is never injured by fh 

 severest frost. When reared to the 

 height of two feet, by transplanting 

 from the seed bed to a rich sand* 

 soil, the plants may be removed, anc 

 planted as a hedge with perfect safety 

 on well trenched and manured ground ; 

 this removes the only objection to the 

 holly for fences, which is its slow 

 growth. We have moved plants four 

 feet in height successfully, and thus 

 made a comparatively impenetrable 

 live-fence the first season. 

 The Carolina, or American Holly, at- 

 tains to a great height in its native 

 soil. Its wood is held in great esti- 

 mation, but in this respect it is not 

 considered superior to that of our 

 native species. 



Species for Ornament, fyc. 



HOLLY. ILEX. 



Common aquifolium..Brit. . 20 30 



Var.Various-lvd- . .heterophylla 

 Thick-leaved . crassifolia . . 



Hedgehog . . .ferox 



} , Striped do.. . .echindta . . . 



Yellow-berried .fldva 



White-mar- ( alba margi- \ _ 



gined \ ndta . . . / 



' }) Gold-edged . .dureamarginuta 



Painted mdia picta. 



Spineless . . . .sentscens. . . 

 ., Milk-maid . . ./act aria. ... 

 Carolina op&ca. .N. Amer. 30 



JUGLANDE^. Nat. Sys. 

 Moncesia Polyandria. Linn. 



Eng. Name. Bot. Name. 



WAI.NUT-TKEE. JUGLANS. 



MALE FLOWER ament or catkin, imbricated 

 calyx, scaly; corolla, six-parted; fila- 

 ments, many, seven or more. FEMALE 

 FLOWER calyx, of four divisions, superior; 

 corolla, with four divisions ; styles, two ; 

 seed, a nut with four divisions, marked hy 

 intervening membranes, substance of the 

 seed grooved it is covered by a corticated, 

 dry, oval-shaped, two-valved drupe. 



Time of sowing Preserve the nuts until 

 February in their outer covering, after 

 which they may be sown. Soil A 

 rich loamy soil is that in which the 

 walnut attains the largest size, but it 

 will succeed in very light, siliceous, 

 sandy soils, as well as in clayey ones. 

 Uses The wood of the walnut is 

 highly valued for many purposes, such 

 as gun-stocks, domestic utensils, fur- 

 niture, wainscoting, &c. Among the 

 American Walnuts, the black, Juglans 



nigra, is considered to have wood of 

 a more valuable quality than the 

 common walnut, but this latter has 

 a decided superiority in the excellence 

 of its fruit and properties of its oil. 

 The black walnut is considered to be 

 one of the largest trees of America. 

 On the banks of the Ohio, and on 

 the islands of that river, Michaux 

 states that he has found them from 

 sixty to seventy feet in height and four 

 feet in diameter, and that it is not 

 rare to find them six or seven feet. Of 

 the Hiccories, the Pignut, or Carya 

 porcma, is perhaps the most valuable, 

 not for its fruit, but for its wood, 

 being comparatively the best. The 

 comparative value of these trees has 

 not yet been proved in England 

 hitherto they have been looked upon 

 as merely ornamental park trees, or 

 subjects for botanical investigation. 

 Some of them, however, rank among 

 the largest trees in North America, 

 where, according to Michaux, the 

 general ' opinion there formed of the 

 wood of the different species cut out 

 from the natural forests is, that it is 

 of great weight, strength, and tenacity, 

 but liable to a speedy decay when ex- 

 posed to damp, heat, and to worms 



Forest or Timber Species. 

 Filaments of the female flower many. 



WALNUT-TREE. JUGLANS. Native of Ft. 



ommon rtgia Persia. . . . 50 



Var. Dble.-fruited . r eg. maxima . 



Late-fruited, .reg.serotina. 30 



Black nigra N.Amer.. . 



Shell-bark cintrea .... 



\sh-leaved fraxinifolia 



Winged-fruited . .pterocdrpa . Caucasus 

 3iccory-nut cdrya 



Filaments of the female flower 4 to G 



/V 7 hite hickery.or) /,, 



Shagback.*..)^ - 



Olive-fruited or. . \ oliv(e f6rmi S . 60* 



Pecannut . . . . J J 



Hat-fruited ..'... compressa . . 



Smooth-leaved . . .gldbra 



Varrow-leaved . . . angustifolia . 



Jitter nut amdra 70to80 



ig nut porcina .... 



CONNARACE^l. Nat. Sys. 

 Polygamia Moncecia. Linn. 



Eng. Name. Bot. Name. 



TREE OF HEAVEN. AILANTHUS. 



V!ALE FLOWER calyx, one-leafed, five- 



* Michaux gives the character of the fruit as 

 he finest flavoured of all the American walnuts, 

 ind to bemore delicate than the European species. 

 He advises it to be grafted on the common walnut, 



