112 



LIST OF FOREST-TREKS. 



., Weeping. .. .peiu/u/a. .. 



i/ICll 



Native of Ft. 



.Asia 



..... jh>ntn-ti . . . 

 oitedfltocroclrpa 



...... pubt'si-cns . . Europe 



1 ... .popnlifelia. . N. Amer. 



T.lll ' 



....... lutea ...... - 



Black ........... nigra ..... - 



ai ......... davitrica. . .Dauria 



Paper ........... papynicra . N. Amer. 



............ Itiitu ...... - 



\ .curfiiiii/olia - 

 Carpathian ...... eorp&tkioa CarpathianMt. 



Specif s fur Ornament, Shelter, &c. 



.Liivcd ...... oratn ..... Europe 



Alims ........... viridis decand. 



Shrubby ......... fruticosa. .Siberia 



Jar ....... glandulosa.N. Amer. 



Hairy-dwarf ...... pumila .... - 



::-dwarf . . . .nnna ...... Scotland 



..:rge-leaved. .macrophylla 

 Dark ......... tristit ...... Kamtschatka 



<ame. Dot. Name. 



II'.IiNbEAM-TKBE. CARP1NL8. 



MALE FLOWER amcnt, imbricated ; scale of 



the calyx, ciliate ; corolla, none ; stamina, 



AKR amtnt, imbricated; 



!' the fuly.r, two-flowered; corolla, 



three-cleft ; seed, a nut, ovate, angular, 



furn 



/ \>,n'itt<r the seed Autumn. 



>'"// Poor clayey loams, incumbent 



:nd, and chalky gravels, are well 



:ed for the growth of the horn- 



i. Uses The wood (see page 9, 



O of the hornbeam, as its name 



1 imply, is extremely tough, or 



flexible, and hard, and valuable for 



many useful purposes ; but the tree 



.: chiefly cultivated for underwood, 



few opportunities are offered to the 



tarpenier to prove its value in large 



scantling. Its value for every purpose 



ihe properties above mentioned 



.Mai, such as mill -clogs, 

 ' cks and handles 

 , &,c., is well-known. 

 . it is good fin 1, makes 

 .or charcoal, and afi'ords excellent 

 !i. It gr ,;iosed sihia- 



. and on very poor, cold, thin, 

 , v. hen-many othersj 

 ;!d make little pi 



The leaves continue to adhere to the 



. ' ition in them 



appears to have teased. Tliis pro- 



perty renders the plant valuable for 

 the purposes of shelter, whether when 

 singly planted or in rows, to be cut as 

 a hedge. On soils of the nature men- 

 tioned, the hornbeam should always 

 have a place, if not exclusively, at least 

 in a considerable proportion to other 

 species of trees. The varieties of the 

 common hornbeam, mentioned below, 

 are not otherwise interesting to the 

 forest-planter than as regards the ef- 

 fect of foliage, and as subjects il- 

 lustrative of the laws of vegetable 

 economy. 



The American hornbeam is found wild 

 as far north as Nova Scotia, New 

 Brunswick, and Lower Canada. By 

 the French inhabitants of Upper 

 Louisiana it is called Charme. It 

 never exceeds thirty feet in height, 

 and its more ordinary dimensions 

 scarcely entitle it to rank as a timber 

 tree. The trunk is similarly fluted 

 as that of the foregoing species. 



Timber or Forest Specif.s. 

 BETULINJE. Nat. Sys. 



HORNBEAM-TREE. CARPINUS. Native of 



Monoecia Polyandria. 



Common betulus. . . 



Var. Oak-leaved . . ynerci/6/ia 



., Striped-leavedtrtnVy tita . 



Cut-leaved . . incisa . . . 

 American antcricana 



Ft. 



Species for Ornament, 8fC. 

 Eastern. . orient df is . .Levant ... 12 



Eng. Name. 

 HOP-HORNBXAM. 



Uot. Name. 

 OSTHYA. 



Monoecia Polyandria. Linn. 



MAI.K Fi.mvKii atncnl, imbricated ; rafy.r, 

 one scale ; corolla, none ; filaments, ra- 

 niie. 1'V.Mvi.i: Fi.mvKH ninc/it, naked; 

 <vj/y.r, none ; curollu, none ; capsule, in- 

 tlaled, imbricated ; seed, one at the base. 



Propagated in Kngland by grafting on the 



common hornbeam and by layers. 



The wood of the hop-hornbeam, 



or iron wood of America, is heavy, 

 compact, and tough, and is used in 

 America, Michaux informs us, for le- 

 vers, brooms, and scrubbing brushes ; 

 the latter are made by rolling back 

 MTV thin slices of the wood, adhering 

 to a jiu-c e of suitable dimensions. In 

 America it is considered a tree of the 

 third ordi-r as to si/e, rarely exceeding 

 thirty-fUe feet in height, and twelve 

 or fifteen inches in diameter. It is 

 never found in masses, but scattered 



