LIST OF FOREST-TREES. 



in the forests, and is more common 

 near Lakes Ontario and Erie, than 

 elsewhere. The Virginian or flowering 

 hop-hornbeam attains to a greater 

 height than the former, It is a more 

 ornamental tree,the leavesbeinglarger 

 and of a finer tint of green ; the value 

 of the wood is similar to that now 

 mentioned. 



Species for Ornament, 8fC. 



HOP-HORNBKAM, 

 OR IRON-WOOD. OSTRYA. Native of Ft. 



Common . 

 Virginian 



.vulgdris . . .Italy 20 



.virginica . . .N.Amer.. . 



CUPULIFER^E. Nat. Sys. 



Eng. Name. Bot. Name. 



HAZLE-TREE. COHYIAJS. 



Monoscia Polyandria. Linn. 



MALE FLOWER amcnt, imbricated ; calyx, a 

 scale ; corolla, none ; stamina, eight. FE- 

 MALE FLOWER calyx, two-parted, lace- 

 rated ; corolla, none ; styles, two ; seed, an 

 oval nut, fixed in the calyx, which remains 

 permanent. 



Time of sowing February : should be 

 preserved in sand moderately dry, 

 during the winter. If the fruit be an 

 object, the best kinds must be propa- 

 gated by layers. Uses Underwood 

 or coppice, which, being of under size, 

 is applied to the purposes of making 

 hoops, spars, forks, hurdles, withes, 

 wattling, crates, &c., for which it is 

 esteemed. It may be cut every seven 

 years. Mr. Belcher, in Young's 

 Annals, vol. viii. p. 186, mentions, 

 that in Kent the best soil for the 

 filbert is a strong lor<m, the fruit pro- 

 duced v on which is large and not 

 maggoty ; and that an acre has some- 

 times been sold for 50/. They are 

 generally planted at 12 feet apart, 

 the intervening ground being occu- 

 pied with green crops, the culture of 

 which requiring the frequent use of 

 the hoe, is productive of benefit to 

 the filbert plant, which is kept pruned 

 to the height of six feet, and the 

 diameter of the bush thus formed to 

 about the same dimensions. The 

 Constantinople hazel attains to the 

 size of a tree. It was introduced 

 into England in 1665, by Mr. John 

 Kea. Linnaeus mentions a very large 

 tree of it in the Leyden Garden, in 

 1736, sown there by Clusius, above 

 a century before. It is too much 

 neglected by planters in England. 

 The raceme, or fruit-bunch, is very 

 large in this species, and the indi- 



vidual nuts are twice the size of those 

 of the common hazel. 



Species for Ornament, fyc. 



HAZLETREE. CORYLUS. 



Common avelldna . . .Britain 



Var. White filbert alba 



., Red filbert . . rubra 



Oval-fruited .ovata =- 



Barcelona . . . barcetonensis Spain 

 Cobnut grandis . . . Britain 



.glomerdta 



.S.Europe 

 ,N. Amer. 



Clustered 



Lambert's tubulosa 



Dwarf American . humilis 



Cuckold amerlci 



Common do rostrati 



Constantinople . . . colurna . . . Constan. 



CUPU LIFER/E (jsubordo third}, Nat. Sys. 



OAK-TREE. QUERCUS. 

 Monoscia Polyandria. "Linn. 



MALE FLOWER calyx, bell-shaped, half fine- 

 cleft ; corolla, none ; stamina, five to ten. 

 FEMALE FLOWER calyx, bell-shaped, en- 

 tire, rough; corolla, none; style, one; 

 stigma, three ; seed, a nut (acorn), ovate, 

 cylindrical, fixed in a short hemispherical 

 cup. 



Time of sowing Beginning of Novem- 

 ber ; or if deferred till spring, lay them 

 upon a cool dry floor, to prevent their 

 sprouting or vegetating. Soil A rich 

 loam, with a clayey subsoil, brings the 

 oak to the greatest perfection ; but it 

 may be profitably cultivated on al- 

 most every description of soil, except 

 boggy or peaty. Uses The value of 

 oak timber is too well known to need 

 any description here. It has already 

 been mentioned at p. 24, that there 

 are two species or varieties of the 

 British oak, Quercus robur, which 

 differ considerably from each other in 

 the value of their timber. They are 

 considered by some botanists ass 

 merely varieties, Quercus robur ped- 

 unculata, et Quercus robur sessili- 

 flora ; while others, as Sir James 

 Smith, makes them distinct species, 

 Quercus robur et Quercus sessiliflora. 

 The footstalks of the fertile flowers, 

 acorns, and leaves, afford the most 

 obvious character of distinction : in the 

 former or more valuable variety, the 

 footstalks of the flowers and acorns 

 are longer, while in the inferior variety 

 the footstalks are very short, or scarce- 

 ly perceptible. On the contrary, as 

 regards the leaves, the footstalks of 

 the Quercus robur are shorter than 

 in those of the Quercus sessiliflora, 

 and the body of the leaf is likewise 



