LIST OF FOREST-TREES. 



123 



evergreen and deciduous cypresses. 

 The wood of the upright evergreen 

 cypress is said to resist the attacks 

 of worms, and all putrefaction for 

 many years. Professor Martyn says, 

 that the doors of St. Peter's Church 

 at Rome were built of this wood, and 

 which lasted eleven hundred years, or 

 from Constantine to Pope Eugenius 

 the Fourth's time. This tree deserves 

 to be more attended to by the British 

 planter than it is at present. The 

 deciduous cypress attains to a timber 

 size in England, although it is of slow 

 growth. Having been hitherto planted 

 with a view to ornament rather than 

 to economy for timber, its merits 

 have not been proved in England. In 

 North America its wood is highly 

 valued, and in Louisiana, it is said to 

 be profitably substituted for the white 

 oak and pine. It attains to the largest 

 size in low, damp, or swampy soils, 

 in the southern states, rising to one 

 hundred and twenty feet in height, 

 and from twenty-five to forty in cir- 

 cumference. 



Species for Ornament, Sfc. 



CYPRESS-TREE. CUPHESSUS. Native of Ft. 



Upright ........ sempervirensGsiiidia. . . .20 



Var. Spreading. . .horizontdlis. - 



Bot. Name. 



ARAUCARIA. 



White .......... thyoides . . . N. Amer. 



Com. deciduous . . distichum . . - 

 Var. Long-leaved . nutans ..... - 



Twisting ....... torulosa ..... Nepal 



Eng. Name. 



NORFOLK ISLAND PINE, 



Dioscia Monadelphia. Linn. 



MALE FLOWER ament, imbricated ; calyx 

 a woolly scale ; corolla, none ; anthers, ten 

 to twelve, in the scale connate. FEMALE 

 FLOWER ament, strobile-shaped ; calyx / 

 one-scale, spear-shaped, leathery ; corolla, 

 none ; stamina, none ; seed, a nut, leathery, 

 wedge-shaped. 



Time of sowing the seeds In pots as 

 soon as obtained. Soil A sandy 

 loam, in a warm sheltered situation. 

 Use Ornamental. The Norfolk 

 island pine is a most magnificent tree 

 in its native climate. In England it 

 isproperly a conservatory plant. How 

 far it may be capable of being accli- 

 mated has not yet been determined. 

 Of the Chilian species of Araucaria, 

 planted in the open air, there is a fine 

 specimen in the Royal Gardens, Kew, 

 and one at LordGrenville's, Dropmore. 



Governor King states, that he mea- 

 sured some of the former species in 

 Norfolk Island, which were two hun- 

 dred and twenty- eight feet in height 

 and eleven in diameter. 

 The wood is white, close grained, and 

 tough, and it appears to contain no 

 resin. The bark, however, affords a 

 fluid partaking of the properties of 

 that substance. Lamb. Pin. 

 Species for Ornament, 8fc. 



NORFOLK-ISLAND PINE. ARAUCARIA. 



SirJosephBanks's.mfiricata . . Chili 



Brazilian braziliana .Brazil 



Norfolk Island . . . exctlsa Norf. I si. 



^ Eng. Name. 



PINE-TREE. 



Bot. Name. 

 PlNUS. 



Moncecia Monadelphia. Linn. 

 MALE FLOWER calyx, four-leaved; corolla 

 none ; stamina, numerous ; anthers, naked. 

 FEMALE FLOWER calyx, scale of the 

 strobile two-flowered ; corolla, none ; pis- 

 til, none. MALE FLOWER scales of the 

 ament, buckler-shaped ; corolla, none ; an- 

 thers, adhering to the scales, sitting, or 

 without filaments. FEMALE FLOWER ca- 

 lyx , scales of the ament, two-flowered ; co- 

 rolla, none ; pistil, none. Seed*, a wing 

 nut. 



Time of sowing the seeds March : the 

 seeds should not be taken out of the 

 cones until the time of sowing arrives. 

 Soil All the fir and pine tribe affect 

 siliceous, sandy soils, but they will 

 flourish on rocky, and comparatively 

 barren soils, for which they are pe- 

 culiarly adapted. The/rs, pines, and 

 larches constitute a perfectly natural 

 genus, or family of trees. The most 

 obvious or ready character of distinc- 

 tion between them is to be found in 

 the natural arrangement of the leaves. 

 The firs have the leaves solitary, or 

 issuing from one scale or sheath on 

 the bark of the branches, over which 

 they are scattered. The larches have 

 their leaves in tufts, or little bundles, 

 which are deciduous, and the pines 

 have from two to five leaves issuing 

 from one sheath at their base, and 

 have the habit of an evergreen. One 

 property is common to all the species 

 of this genus, that of affording resin- 

 ous matter, either from the wood, 

 bark, or cones. The property of re- 

 producing a leading stem or branch 

 when divided, common to all other 

 trees more or less, is wanting in this 

 family of trees ; and hence they are 



* Sir J. Smith, in Com p. H. B. 



