106 THE AFRICAN ELEPHANT. 



When loose in their paddock, both elephants are 

 in the habit of raising their enormous ears, which 

 then have the appearance of two huge bat- like 

 wings, projecting from the sides of the head (see 

 engraving), that flap up and down as the animal 

 moves, giving the creature a most unearthly aspect. 

 In fact, an African elephant would certainly create 

 a sensation if introduced into the incantation scene 

 in Der Freischiltz. The dimensions of the male, 

 which I have been enabled to take by the kind per- 

 mission of Mr. Bartlett, are as follows : Perpen- 

 dicular diameter of ear, 2 ft. 8 in.; horizontal 

 diameter of ear, 2 ft.; length from forehead to 

 insertion of tail, 6 ft.; length of trunk, 3 ft. 6 in.; 

 length of tail, 2 ft. 3 in. ; height at shoulder, 5 ft. 

 1 in.; height at ridge of back, 5 ft. 6 in.; circum- 

 ference of fore-foot, 2 ft. 8 in.; circumference of 

 hind-foot, 2 ft. Sin. 



He is at present between five and six years old, 

 and will most probably prove a very large animal. 

 The African species considerably exceeds the Asiatic 

 in size ; a full-grown male of the former not unfre- 

 quently measures more than twelve feet in height 

 at the shoulder, while ten is greatly above the 

 average of the latter. The elephants seen by Dr. 

 Livingstone on the Limpopo were of great size, but 

 the dimensions appear to vary in different districts; 

 those found on the Zambesi being smaller than 



