118 ARCH^OLOGIA AN ATOMIC A, 



the names of. remedies which are used for the disease 2Mrotides. 

 Galen, in like manner, makes a number of references to this 

 disease. In opoi larpiKol 372 the author specifically states that 

 parotides are abscesses beside the ear, called by some castores. 

 Other Greek authors give us synonyms eirapixara or 0j/pea, 

 the latter name indicating that they were compared to the 

 budding horns of satyrs. Celsus (vi. 16) gives a brief account 

 of this disease; and Paulus ^gineta describes at length the 

 method of treatment which he considers most satisfactory (iii. 

 23). Julius Pollux also defines parotides as diseased conditions 

 (ii. 134 ; for another sense of the word, see his references ii. 28, 

 but this has nothing to do with its use as the name of anything 

 human). 



Among the earlier authors of the revival of learning the same 

 usage appears. Casserius, in his Anatomy of the Organ of 

 Hearing, figures (pi. iii. 2) what is now called the parotid, 

 and calls it Adenes aurum, sive glandular quoi in febrihus 

 malignis ■parotidihus affciuntur. In the next plate he is 

 credited by some writers as figuring the opening of the parotid 

 duct into the mouth, but the attribution is undeserved, he has 

 only left a clear space in the shading of the muscle for the 

 reference letter o:. In Goiter's work we find the first step 

 of the transference of the name from the disease, to the 

 structure which is the seat of the disease. He speaks of paHes 

 &ub aurihis exortm ad latera suh maxillis antrorsum vergentcs 

 TrapwTiSe? didm sunt. 



Columbus recognises no other gland in this region except 

 the 2ya'>"^stJimice, which are the tonsils. Bauhin (iii. 63, 85) 

 distinguishes the paristhmise from the parotides, and gives as 

 the use of the latter ^ar^es circumjectas humectare nam oh validos 

 d frequentes incidendi, confringendi, alimenta coinminuendi, ac 

 tandem loqiiendi motus, artimlatio, Jiis destituta, facile exsiccare. 

 This use was assigned by Columbus to the paristhmise, which 

 he also says absorb the humidity of the brain (ix). Bauhin 

 expands this function and applies it to the parotid, which he 

 says cerebri excrementa suscipiunt. Laurentius of Montpellier 

 (iv. 4) adds that the parotid is commonly called cmunctorui 

 ■cerebri, and that it consists of many glands. In the quaint 

 Dialogues of Guintherus of Andernach, the teacher responds to 



