ABDOMINAL VISCERA IN MAN. 203 



psoas in these cases is represented by a black line in the Plate 

 of the large intestine in Part IV. 



Only in cases 5 and 15 was there any representative of a 

 (jubernacidar fold passing from the lower attachment of the 

 meso-sigmoid. The cases do not suggest that this structure is 

 especially concerned in the production of the inter-sigmoid fossa. 

 In the foetus the spermatic vessels do not appear to be at all 

 concerned in the formation of the pit existing beneath the nieso- 

 sigmoid. The inter-sigmoid pouch is perhaps determined by 

 the strength of the suspensory fold on the one hand, and by the 

 force of the bowel tending to drag out the peritoneum on the 

 other. This, however, presupposes the absence of adhesion of the 

 peritoneal surfaces, of which, I confess, I am not at all convinced. 



So much has been done in the way of measurements of the 

 lengths of the parts of the bowels, and of the peritoneal folds 

 supporting them, by other workers, notably Lockwood (14), 

 Treves (15), and Eobinson (21), that except in a few cases 

 I have not taken measurements of their length. 



What remains to be said of the transverse meso-colon and 

 of its displacements will be deferred to the next section. 



One point should be mentioned in reference to the tables — 

 " the point of termination " referred to does not indicate the 

 actual termination of the transverse meso-colon, but the point 

 where the peritoneum at the left bends downwards. The actual 

 termination of the transverse meso-colon averaged 2-5 cm. below 

 E.F. 



Lateral Variations. — The lateral variations of the lower 

 attachment of the mesentery were very small. Normally 

 being 4 cm. from the middle line, 39 of the 40 cases were 

 from 3 to 5 cm. inclusive. The lateral attachments of the 

 inner la^er of the colic peritoneum varied but little, and the 

 variations are sufticiently set out in the Tables and Figures. 



Variations on the right side were chiefly associated with a 

 raised or distended ceecum, and come under the description of 

 that part. 



It remains to sicmmarise in general terms of inches the line 

 of peritoneal attachments. The mesentery commences above 

 in the plane of E.F., one inch to the left of the middle line, 



