500 PROFESSOR BERTRAM C. A. WINDLE. 



the alimentary canal, either anteriorly or posteriorly. The former 

 are the cases called by Dareste omphalocephaly, the latter those 

 described by the author under the title of ourentery. The condition 

 described as cordentery is founded on one observation in which the 

 dorsal chorda was elongated in the direction of the alimentary canal 

 and in part clothed by it. In the former two conditions we are in 

 face of an unusual growth of the nervous system, which directs itself 

 towards the endoderm and is clothed by it. 



The excrescence in Omphalocephaly is very large, for it springs 

 from a portion of the nervous system endowed with a great power of 

 multiplication. The excrescence of Ourencephaly is, on the contrary, 

 very small. "Whichever end of the neural axis it may be which 

 behaves in this manner, the resulting tissue is incapable of forming 

 ganglia. CuTORB_(xvi.) gives an account of his histological investi- 

 gations into the spinal cord of a chick embryo of forty-eight hours, 

 with multiple medullary canals — a specimen previously described in 

 less detail. The results of these observations are as follow : — (1) The 

 medullary tube, in a given area of the abnormal tract, is irregular in 

 shape and has two canals lying side by side. (2) In other parts the 

 canals are more numerous, varying in position, form and dimensions. 

 (3) The tube is for the most part constituted of fusiform elements 

 radially disposed towards the cavity of the canal; this is also the 

 case in the abnormal canals. In the dissepiments met with in these 

 canals and in the projecting processes which are present in their 

 interior are found many round cells. (4) INIany caryokinetic figures 

 are observable in the most internal strata of cells surrounding these 

 canals. 



III. Duplicity. 



V. Schumacher and Schwarz (xvii.) add two to the list of descrip- 

 tions of 'poliinudear ova in the human subject. One of these 

 specimens was obtained from the ovary of a female aged 41, 

 who had borne ten children, but no twins. Of the history of the 

 woman from whom the other specimen was obtained nothing is 

 known. Castro (xviii.) describes a case of nutomelus in the human 

 subject, a most rare condition. From the centre of the back of a 

 female infant ?et. two days, projected, at the level of the third or 

 fourth dorsal vertebrae, two limbs resembling upper extremities, and 

 each consisting apparently of a forearm and a hand. Below these 

 was a spina bifida. The limbs were removed by operation and 

 proved to contain upper limb bones, humerus, metacarpals, phalanges, 

 but imperfectly developed. Bryce (xix.) describes a case of anterior 

 dit'plicity in a chick-embryu of thirty-four hours, in which there were two 

 separate notochords throughout. The medullary canals were in part 

 separate, in part fused, and the same is true of the foregut. 

 Ballantyne (xx.) describes a case of included fcetm in a child aet. 

 three months. The parasite was situated in the lesser peritoneal sac. 

 It was in part solid and in part cystic. At one point there was a 



