ELEVENTH REPOKT ON EECENT. TERATOLOGIC AL LITERATURE. 501 



projection resembling a pair of rudimentary digits. On the opposite 

 side there Avere some pieces of intestine, also two teeth. Some 

 fragments of bone and cartilage were also discovered. Compare 

 No. xlix, in this report. Wetzel (xxi.) details the facts of a case in 

 vfhich theve \Yexe four centres of development on the egg of a ring- 

 snake, and all in an active state of division. These were arranged in 

 pairs, one of which was very close together, the other a little further 

 apart. The author thinks that there must have certainly been four 

 germinal vesicles originally present to account for this condition. 

 Bradley (xxii.) has met with a case of acardiacus in a cow. Part 

 of the specimen was covered with curly hair, such as is usually found 

 over the frontal region of calves. The greater part of its interior was 

 occupied by intestines, and there was also a stomach, small, and con- 

 sisting of only one cavity. A mass of bone and cartilage represented 

 the skeleton, and perhaps most nearly resembled a vertebral column. 

 Cavalie and Gukrin-Valmale (xxii.) mention a case of mylacephalo'us 

 twin, with noticeable upper and lower extremities, which was borne by 

 a woman at her first confinement. On both her side and that of her 

 husband twinning was strongly hereditary. Keith (xxiv.) gives a 

 very full account of the anatomy of tico acardiac acephalic fretuses. 

 He regards a parasitic f cetus as the product of the lesser and imperfect 

 part of a twin blastoderm. Dealing with the dropsical condition met 

 with in all or almost all such cases, he states his opinion that there is 

 from the very first a grave lesion in the normal physiology of the 

 cell. Macphail (xxv.) narrates a case of Janiceps in which the two 

 faces were rotated at right angles to the anteroposterior plane of the 

 spinal cord. One face was fully developed, the other was not. The 

 eyeballs were merged together in a triangular gap, the nose was 

 represented by two fleshy elevations, and the mouth was deeply 

 placed between the ears. Chambrelent (xxvi.) describes a derodyme 

 monster, i.e. one with two heads and two vertebral columns, and a 

 similar monster is dealt with by Smith (xxvii.). Condon (xxviii.) 

 gives notes of a thoracopagus, and Heynsbergh (xxix.) of an 

 ischiopagus. GiLis (xxx.) wishes to estabhsh a new class of double 

 monstrosiiy which he calls rliinodymia. In this class there is a 

 single body and neck, and the head is single from the occiput to the 

 eyes. EeloAV this it is formed by two faces fused in the median line, 

 and presents four nasal fossae, doubled maxillte and tongues, with two 

 isthmuses of the fauces ; the pharynx and oesophagus are, however, 

 single. Seligaiann (xxxi.) gives an account of a supernumerary 

 dorsal fin in a trovt. The fin consisted of ten soft fin-rays situated in 

 the mid-dorsal line, immediately behind the head, and 5 cm. in front 

 of the dorsal fin. All the other fins were present and normal. As 

 far as the author knows, this is a unique example. It probably 

 represents an anterior part of an originally longer dorsal fin, and is 

 homologous with the spiny rays of the Gastrosteidie, the tentacles of 

 Lophius, and the anterior spiny fin of many other fishes. 



