12 



POPULATION 



because " retired " persons, who had previ- 

 ously been included, were omitted in 1881. 

 But that does not affect the change recorded 

 in any other intercensal period or the general 

 lesson of a large and continuous decline. The 

 movement recorded for the United Kingdom 

 during the same 50 years was from 3,453,500 

 to 2,262,600, or a decrease of 1,190,900. The 

 foregoing figures include farmers and their 

 families and others ; but if the " workers on 

 farms " alone are taken the decline is much 

 more rapid, as the following table shows : — 



England and Wales. 



The total decrease in the 50 years was 

 648,911, or 47 per cent. ; 517,438 were males 

 and 131,473 females. As the process has been 

 going on since 1901, we may safely conclude 

 that since 1851 the number of workers em- 

 ployed on the land in England and Wales has 

 fallen by one-half. The Census of Production 

 returned the number of persons employed 

 permanently and temporarily, including 



