(j THE SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION. 



either by his own researches or by founding an institution for the promotion of 

 science. He declared, in writing, that though the best blood of England flowed 

 in his veins, this availed him not, for his name would live in the memory of man 

 when the titles of the Northumberlands and Percies were extinct or forgotten. 

 He was cosmopolitan in his views, and affirmed that the man of science is of no 

 country the world is his country, and all men his countrymen. He proposed 

 at one time to leave his money to the Royal Society of London, for the promotion 

 of science, but on account of a misunderstanding with the council of the Society 

 he changed his mind, and left it to his nephew, and in case o'f the death of this 

 relative, to the United States of America, to found the Institution which now bears 

 his name. 



Ji]e 



The whole amount of money received from the bequest was $515,169 ; and, 

 besides this, 825,000 was left in England as the principal of an annuity to the 

 mother of the nephew of Smithson. This sum will also come to the Institution. 

 The Government of the United States accepted the bequest, or in other words, 

 accepted the office of trustee, and the Hon. Richard Rush, of Pennsylvania, was 

 charged with the duty of prosecuting the claim. He remained in attendance on 

 the English courts until the money was awarded to him. He brought it over in 

 sovereigns, deposited it in the Mint of the United States, where it was recoined 

 into American eagles,' thus becoming a part of the currency of the country. 



At the time of the passing of the act establishing the Institution, in 1846, 

 the sum of $'242,000 had accrued in interest, and this the Regents were authorized 

 .to expend on a building. But, instead of appropriating this sum immediately to 

 this purpose, they put it at interest, and deferred the completion of the building 

 for several years, until over $100,000 should be accumulated, the income of 

 which might defray the expenses of keeping the building, and the greater portion 

 of the income of the original bequest be devoted to the objects for which it was 

 desigued. This policy lias been rigidly adhered to, and the result is, that, besides 

 the original sum, and after all that has been devoted to the building, the grounds, 

 and other operations, there is now on hand, of accumulated interest, $125,000, 

 which has been invested in State stocks. 



The bequest, in the language of the testator, was " to found at Washington an 

 establishment, under the name of the Smithsonian Institution, for the increase and 

 diffusion of knowledge among men." According to this, the Government of the 

 United States is merely a trustee. The bequest is for the benefit of mankind, and 

 any plan which does not recognize this provision of the will would be illiberal and 

 unjust. The Institution must bear and perpetuate the name of its founder, and 

 hence its operations are kept distinct from those of the General Government, and 



