THE SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION. 71 



as Micronesia. Native Ropes from the bark of the Cocoa-nut. ..Wooden, Pearl, and other 

 Fish-hooks. ..Breast Plate. ..Shell Adzes, from Disappointment Islands... Cuirass of Rope... 

 Beads of Wood and Shell. 



Long strings of beads or braided hair are worn round the body at times a hundred fathoms in length. 

 The hair is taken from female slaves. The beads are manufactured by the old men who are beyond doing any 

 other labor made of cocoa-nut and shell, ground down to a uniform size. 



Ear rings worn by the Chiefs of the Marquesas. ...File or Rasp of Shark's skin. ...A Vir 

 gin's Head band. ..Wooden Dish like a boat, from Raraka... Spears. ..Helmet of a skin of Por- 

 cupine Fish. ..Images of green stone. 



Around the necks of the Chiefs is hung their " HEITIKI," made of a stone of a green color, which isheld very 

 sacred, and which, with their <{ MEARA," a short cleaver or club, is handed down from father to son. This Heitiki 

 has some resemblance to a human figure sitting with crossed legs. 



Weapons armed with Shark's teeth. ..Pieces of wood worn in dances. ..Cap of Pandanus 

 leaves... Mats, 



Made from the leaves of the Pandanus. the yellow from the young leaves, and the brown from the old; which 

 are prepared by beating them with a mallet to render them pliable. To the yellow mats, the greatest atten- 

 tion is paid. Oil impregnated with the odor of the flowers of the Pandanus, and the distilled water, are highly 

 esteemed, both for their color and their medicinal use as stimulants. 



Stilts used bj Marquesas Islanders... Beautifully carved Adzes and Clubs. 



CASE 76. 



New Zealand. Paddles. ..Spears. ..Blanket Mats woven by hand... Baskets... Dressing-box 

 of a Chief ...Prow of a War Canoe. 



This was considered very sacred, and obtained with great difficulty. It belonged to the chief Kiwikiwi. 



Shell and Wood Fish-hooks... Tinder-box... Flaxen Yarn. 



The manufacture of the hemp is altogether performed by the women. 



War Cloak of dog-skin, called "Topuni." This was worn by Pomare, the chief.... Stone 

 Adzes. ..Chisel of Tortoise Shell... Cincture and Ornament of human hair...Flute.Mats of 

 all kinds. ..Bows and Arrows. 



CASE 11. 



Deception Island South Shetland. Mats, blankets, &c. 



WEST GALLERY NORTH SIDE. 



CASE 78. 



Egyptian Mummies. 



Mummies were embalmed in Egypt in several ways, the most perfect of which was to draw the brain through 

 the nostrils, partly with a piece of crooked iron, and partly by the infusion of drugs. They then with a knife 

 make an incision in the side, through which they extract the intestines; these they cleanse thoroughly, washing 

 them with palm wine, and afterwards covering them with aromatics. They then fill the body with powder of 

 pure myrrh, cassia, and other perfumes. Having sewn up the body, it is covered with natron (a kind of soda) 

 for the space of seventy da?s. It is then washed, closely wrapped in bandages of linen previously dipped in gum, 

 and returned to the relations, who enclose it in a case of wood made to resemble a human figure. The utmost 

 care was taken to affix marks to each mummy, by which it might be known again. 



These specimens are 3,000 years old. 



CASE 79. 



Mummy from Oregon of a child... Peruvian Mummies, from Arica. 



Believing, as they did, in immortality and the resurrection of the body, the Peruvians were very careful in 

 burying their dead. They had a mode of embalming peculiar to themselves, which consisted of exposing the 

 body to the intense cold of the high peaks of the mountains till it became quite dry and withered. Then, if the 

 deceased were an Inca, he was buried with great state in his family tomb. He retained his proper apparel, and 

 his treasures were buried w thbim. 



The custom of the Peruvians to bury their treasures with them, made the discovery of a tomb of some 

 consequence to the early Spanish settlers. In 1576, a Spanish soldier, says Prescott, found in one such tomb, af- 

 terwards visited by Baron Humboldt, a mass of gold worth a million of dollars ! The tombs in Central America 

 are now being searched for golden images and treasures in the same manner. 



CASE 80. 



New South Wales. Weapons. ..The Boomerang, a flat stick, three feet long, two inches 

 wide, by three-fourths of an inch thick, curved or crooked in the centre, forming an obtuse 

 angle. 



This possesses the peculiar property, owing to its shape, of returning to the spot from which it was thrown, If 

 the object aimed at was missed. 



The Womerah, a throwing stick, about three feet long, with a hook at the end for throw- 



