REARING STOCK CALVES. 271 



inflamed, and hard, and as the calf has no judgment in the matter, 

 he will not touch it, and as a consequence, after causing the cow 

 infinite pain, the quarter of the udder affected soon dries up, and 

 is from that time lost, not again, even at a future time of calving, 

 to be restored. We have seen very fine cows subjected to such 

 practice, with only one or two teats left, and poor nurses they 

 must be, as the quarters of the udder still left in milk, give only 

 their proportionate quantity to the whole when in full action. 



2d. The cow grows wild, and refractory, not becoming so 

 tractable after running with the calf through the season. 



3d. From constant sucking, the udder cannot be distended 

 by its full secretions of milk, and it becomes contracted by habit, 

 seldom giving so much milk afterw-ards as when drawn but twice 

 a day. 



4th. The calf grows up wild and unmanageable. If a steer, 

 intended for grazing, it is of less moment; but if a heifer, 

 intended for the dairy, she is much harder to manage and break 

 in than if subjected to early handling. 



5th. The calf grows up coarse, and heavy necked, and is 

 never so fine as when brought up separate from the cow. In 

 short, we have not a word to say in favor of the practice, 

 only in those great cattle ranges, where, from various circum- 

 stances it is impossible to keep them within bounds, and the 

 breeds are such, that no neglect, or bad management, can make 

 them worse. 



HANDLING YOUNG ANIMALS SHELTER. 



The advantages of bringing up young stock tame, and man- 

 ageable, are, that they feed better than when running wild ; they 

 learn the call of their keeper; they are fearless.of his presence, 

 and seek his companionship with confidence. No cattle breeder 

 knows into what hands his young stock may fall, and to the buyer 

 of them it may make a difference of some dollars in the value of 



