62 INDEPENDENCE OR SEPARATION OF ORGANS. 



Mercurialis in which the loaves were deeply slashed. In 

 Clunwpodium Qulnoa the leaves were so numerous and 

 the clefts so deep, that the species was hardly recognis- 

 able, while on a branch of Rhus Cotinus observed by De 

 Candolle the lobes were so narrow and so fine as to 

 give the plant the aspect of an U^nbellifer. Wigand 

 (* Flora,' 1856, p. 706) speaks of the leaves of Dipsaciis 

 fnllonum with bi-partite leaves ; Moquin mentions the 

 occurrence of a leaf of an oleander bi-lobed at the 

 summit, so as to give the appearance of a fusion of two 

 leaves. Steinheil ha& recorded an instance in Scahiosa 

 atropurpurea in which one of the stem leaves presented 

 the following peculiarities. It was simple below, but 

 divided above into two equal lobes, provided each with 

 a median nerve. ^ Steinheil has also recorded a Ceras- 

 tiwm in which one of the leaves was provided with two 

 midribs ; above this leaf was a group of ternate leaves. 

 I have seen similar instances in the common Elm, Ulmus 



Fig. 26. Bifurcated leaf of Lamium album, &c. 

 campestins, and also in the common nettle, Urtica dioicaf 



' ' Ann. dcs Science Nat./ 2nd series, t. iv, p. 147, tab. t, figs. 3 and 4. 



