OP THE STAMENS. 253 



Gentiaua Amarella. Antirrliinum majus ! 

 Gilia glomeriflora. Stachys sylvatica. 



Symphytum officinale. Anagallis plicenicea P 

 Petunia violacea ! Primula sinensis ! 



Yerbascum, sp. Polemonium coeruleum. 



See Moquin-Tandon, ' El. Terat. Veg.,' p. 203. Engelmann, ' De 

 Anthol.,' 38 et aeq. ; tab. ii, figs. 8 14, Oitia ; tab. v, 23 26, Senecio ; 

 tab. V, f. 113, Torilis ; tab. iv, f. 3, Erysimum. ' Bull. Soc. Bot. Fr.,' 

 vol. ii, 1855, p. 479, Primula sinensis. Giraud, ' Edinb. Phil. Magazine,' 

 1839, Atiiirrhinum. Jaeger, ' Act. Acad. Caes. Nat. Cur.,' vol. xiii, 2, 

 p. 1, tab. xli, Tropoeolum. BischofF, ' Lehrbuch,' 11, 2, p. 27, note, 

 Trop<Bolum. Fresenius, ' Mus. Senkenb.,' ii, 35, tab. 4, fig. 5, AcUea. See 

 also succeeding paragraphs and sections in Chloranthy, Virescence, &c. 



Phyllody of the stamens happens less frequently than the 

 corresponding condition in the neighbouring organs. 

 The structure of the anther is so much removed from 

 that of the leaf, that the change of the stamen from 

 its ordinary condition to that of a leaf must be regarded 

 as indicating a greater degree of perverted develop- 

 ment than that which occurs in those cases where 

 less highly differentiated organs, such as the sepals, 

 petals, and pistils, are thus altered.^ 



In all cases it is desirable to ascertain, if possible, 

 what parts of the stamen are thus transformed. 

 In some Petunias the filaments are unchanged, 

 but in place of the anther is a small lamina, repre- 

 senting precisely the blade of an ordinary leaf. 

 Sometimes the connective only is replaced by a leaf. 

 One of the most interesting cases of' this kind that 

 has fallen imder the writer's observation was in 

 Euphorbia geniculata, in which, in addition to other 

 changes mentioned under prolification of the inflor- 

 escence, some of the stamens were partly frondescent, 



' WolfiTs original opinion was that the stamens were equivalent to so 

 many buds placed in the axil of the petals or sepals (see ' Theoria Gene- 

 rationis,' 1759, 114) an opinion which more recently has received the 

 support of Agardh and Endlicher. WolflF himself, however, seems to 

 have abandoned his original notion, for in his memoir, " De formationo 

 intestinorum prsBcipue tum et de amnio spurio aliisque partibus embry- 

 onis gallinacei, nondum visis," &c., in ' Comm. Acad. Petrop.,' xii, p. 403, 

 anno 1766, he considers the stamens as essentially leaves. See also 

 Linn. ' Prolepsis,' viii ; Groethe, ' Metam.,' 46. 



