288 METAMORPHT. 



tuberosurrif 8. Didcarriara, in Anagallis^ in Fuchsia, 

 and some other plants, the anther-lobes themselves 

 become petaloid, while the filament remains un- 

 changed. 



In gardens two distinct varieties of Columbine are 

 cultivated, the one in which the filaments arc dilated 

 into the form of flat petals almost entirely or quite 

 destitute of anthers, while in the other the filament is 

 present in its usual form, but the anther is developed 

 in the shape of a tubular hood or spur. 



De Candolle^ observes that in the Banunculacece the 

 species of Clematis become double by the expansion of 

 the filament, those of Baminculiis by the dilatation of 

 the anther, and those of Hellehorus by the petal-like 

 development of both filament and anther. In some 

 cases even on the same plant all three modifications 

 may be seen, as in Camellias, some of which may be 

 found with petaloid filaments with anthers on the top, 

 others with the filaments unchanged, but supporting 

 petaloid anthers, while in others it is the connective 

 alone which is petal-like. Where the flower naturally 

 contains a large number of stamens, as in Mallows, 

 Roses, MagnoHas, &c., petaloid expansion of the fila- 

 ment is most common, though it is by no means con- 

 fined to such flowers, the change occurring in Alla- 

 manda cathartica, Jasminum grandifloi'um, and many 

 other flowers with few stamens. A similar change in 

 the anther and connective takes place more frequently 

 in flowers where the number of stamens is smaller, 

 but there are of course numerous exceptions to this 

 rule. 



In those cases where there is more than one row of 

 stamens, the outermost are most liable to this change : 

 thus in Saxifraga decipiens, as shown by Ch. Morren,'^ 

 the outer series of stamens those opposite to the 

 sepals become first affected, and, at a more advanced 

 stage, the inner row also ; and this is the case in most 



' Organ. Veg.,' t. i, p. 513. 



Bull. Acad. Roy. Belg.,' tome xvii ; and Lobelia, p. 65. 



