PISTILLOHV 



307 



Fig. 164. Stnic- 

 ture half anther, 

 half cai^pel, Liliuvi. 



shows one of the intermediate organs from these 

 flowers, in which half the structure seems devoted to 

 the formation of ovules, while the other half bears a 

 one-celled anther. Lindley^ has also 

 described a case of this kind in a 

 species of Amaryllis. 



In Saxifraga crassifolia it sometimes 

 happens that mixed with the stamens, 

 and originating with them, are a 

 number of distinct and perfectly 

 formed carpels, wholly separated from 

 the normal carpels, in the centre of 

 the flower. In this particular in- 

 stance there is usually no interme- 

 diate condition between the stamen 

 and the pistil. Guillemin^ also de- 

 scribes a transformation of the stamens 

 into carpels in Euphorbia esula. 



When the anther is involved it may 

 be only partially so, or almost the whole organ may be 

 transformed. As instances of very partial change 

 may be cited the passage of the connective into a 

 stigma in Thalidrum minus ^ or the passage of the 

 points of the anthers into imperfect styles in some 

 species of bamboo.^ 



In Rosa arvensis similar transformations have been 

 observed of a slightly more complex character than 

 those just mentioned, and passing into more impor- 

 tant changes, especially to the formation of pollen 

 within ovules, formed on the edges of an open car- 

 pellodic anther (see p. 186). 



Mr. Berkeley has recorded an analogous case in a 

 gourd in which the stamens bore numerous ovules (p. 

 200), and Baillon describes another gourd in which cer- 

 tain fleshy appendages surrounding the androecium 

 were provided with ovilles.* 



' ' Theory of Horticulture,' ed. 2, p. 82. 



^ ' Mem. Soc. Hist. Nat. Paris,' i, 16. 



' Gen. Munro, ' Trans. Linn. Soc.,' xxvii, p. 7. 



* Bull. Soc. Bot. Fr.,' 1857, p. 21. 



