STAMENS. 361 



For other illustrations see multiplication of whorls, petalody ; see also 

 Moquin, loc. cit., p. 350. Engelmann, loc. cit., p. 20, 18. Cramer, loc. 

 cit., p. 26. 



Polyphylly of the androecium. An increased number of 

 stamens frequently accompanies the corresponding 

 alterations in other whorls, and seems, if anything, to 

 be more frequent among monocotyledonous plants than 

 among dicotyledonous ones ; thus, we occasionally find 

 tetramerous flowers in Crocus, Hyacinthus, Tulqja, IHsy 

 Tigridia, &c., and more rarely in Yucca (Y.Jiexilis^). 



The increased number of stamens in a single whorl 

 may result from a development of organs usually sup- 

 pressed, and constitute a form of regular peloria as 

 in Linaria, wherein a fifth stamen is occasionally met 

 with. Among normally didynamous plants such nume- 

 rical restitution, so to speak, is not unusual ; thus, in 

 Veronica four and five stamens occur. Fresenius has 

 seen five stamens in Lamium, MentJm, Chelone;^ Bentham 

 in Melittis, and other instances are cited under the 

 head of peloria. Chorisis may also serve to account 

 for some of these cases ; thus, Eichler^ figures a flower 

 of Matthiola annua with five long stamens instead of 

 four ; one of the long pairs of stamens has here under- 

 gone a greater degree of repetition than usual. De 

 CandoUe* cites and figures a curious form of Capsella 

 Bur sa-jta starts sent him by Jacquin, and which was to 

 some extent reproduced by seed. In the flowers of 

 this variety there were no petals, but ten stamens; 

 hence De Candolle inferred that the petals were here 

 replaced by stamens, but Moquin^ objects, and with 

 justice, to this view, as the ten stamens are all on the 

 same line ; he considers the additional stamens to be 

 the result of chorisis. Buchenau' mentions the presence 



' Illust. Hoi-tic.,' 1866. misc., p. 97. 



' See Fresenius, ' Mus. Senkenb.,' bd. 2, p. 43. Schlechtendal, ' Bot. 

 Zeit.,' iv, pp. 403, 492, Veronica tetrandra. 



* Flora.^l865,tab. 6, fig. 8. 



* Org. Veget.,' t. i, p. 497, pi. 42, f. 3. 

 ' 'El. Tcr. Veg.,'p. 354. 



* Cited in ' Rev. Bibl." of 'Bull. Soc. Bot. Fr.,' 1866, p. 171. 



