382 ANDRCECIUM OF 



a 3 represent the position of the inner verticil of sta- 

 mens, while s, s, s denote the three caq)els. It is 

 foreign to the purpose of this book to detail the varied 

 evidence in support of this explanation of the homo- 

 logies of orchid flowers.^ All that can be done in these 

 pages is to set forth the evidence furnished by terato- 

 logy as to this matter evidence for the most part 

 accumulated and recorded without any special reference 

 to any theory of orchid structure. 



The following details all refer to flowers in wliich 

 the number of stamens in orchidaceous plants was 

 increased beyond what is necessary. They are arranged 

 with reference to the number of adventitious organs, 

 beginning with those in which the number was smallest, 

 and proceeding thence to those in which it was greatest. 

 In some cases it has not been possible to ascertain 

 whether the adventitious organs were really restorations 

 of the numerical symmetry, substitutions of one part 

 for another, stamen for petal, &c., or wholly adventitious 

 productions. Unless otherwise stated, the interpreta- 

 tion put upon the facts thus recorded is that of the 

 present wi'iter, and not necessarily that of the original 

 observ'er. 



Mr. J. T. Moggi-idge has described and figiu'ed a flower of Ophrys 

 insectifcra in which there was a vestige of a second stamen present, 

 probably one of the inner series fig. 192 (a ').' The same observer also 

 records the presence of a second anther between the lobes of the 

 normal -one. This can hardly be referred to either of the typical 

 stamens, but would seem to be a perverted development of the 

 rostellum.'' 



Rojper is stated by Cramer* to have seen a specimen of Orchis morio 

 with two stamens. 



In a flower of Hdbenaria chlorantha, desciibed by the late Professor 

 Henslow,* the outer three stamens are suppressed, while two of the inner 

 group are present, as happens normally in Cypi'ipediuni. 



' On this point the reader will find an' excellent summaiy in Lindley's 

 ' Vegetable Kingdom,' ed. iii, p. 183a, and in Darwin, ' Fertilisation of 

 Orchids,' p. 292. Sec also Criiger, ' Jouni. Linn. Soc.,' t. viii, p. 134. 



' Seemann's Journal of Botany,' vol. iv, p. 168. tab. 47. 



' Ibid,, t. iv, 1866, p. 168, t. xlvii, f. 1. 



* Bildungsabweich,' p. 8 ; see also ' Hot. Zeit..' 1852, p. 425. 



* ' Joum. Linn. Soc.,' t. ii, p. 104. tab. 1, fig. b. 



