390 TLEIOTAXY. 



of the same plant for two years consecutively. In 

 Aquilcgia I have met -svith a similar increase in the 

 whorls of carpels.^ Meissner records a similar aug- 

 mentation in Polygonum orientale} 



Wigand^ describes and figures a flower of Vinca 

 minor, in which there were two carpels intervening 

 between the ordinary pair, and a similar illustration 

 has been observed by the writer in Allamanda cathar- 

 tica. Eichler* has put on record a similar case in a 

 capparid. 



Marchand^ mentions a polycarpellary berberid {Epi- 

 medium Musschianiim). The supernumerary carpels 

 in this flower were placed on a short axis, which origi- 

 nated in the axils of the stamens, and as these latter 

 organs were present in their usual number and position, 

 the adventitious carpels could not be considered as 

 resulting from a transformation, or substitution of 

 carpels for stamens. 



Lastly, the instance cited by Dr. Allman'' in Saxi- 

 fraga Geum may be alluded to. Here there was a row 

 of adventitious carpels between the stamens and pistils, 

 the backs of the carpels being turned towards the 

 axis of the flowers. Dr. Allman explains the presence 

 of the supernumerary parts by the supposed production 

 of a whorl of secondary axes between the stamens and 

 the centre of the flower. These axes are further sup- 

 posed to bear imperfect flowers, of which the additional 

 carpels are the only traces, but this explanation seems 

 forced. 



In addition to the references already cited the follow- 

 ing may be given : 



Dncbartre, ' Ann. Sc. Nat.,' 4 ser., vii, p. 23 (Tulip). 



Feirari, ' Hesperides,' pp. 271, 395, 405. Dncliartre, 'Ann. Sc. Nat.,' 



' Linn. Trans.,' t. xxiii, p. 364, tab. 34, fig. 5. 

 ' ' Monog. Polygon,' pi. 3, K. f. 12. 



Flora,' 1856, tab. viii 

 * Ibid., 1865, tab. ix, f. 6 



' Ann. Nat. Hist.,' 1845, vol. xvi, p. 126 



r 



