448 ENATION. 



conditions occur normally in such leaves as those of 

 Riimex crispuSf Malva crispa, &;c.,and are developed to an 

 extreme degree in garden varieties of parsley, some kails, 

 &c., as well as in many ferns, but these are probably 

 cases rather of fission than enation as here understood.' 



Enation from the sepals. The basal lobes of the calyx 

 in Campanula Medium, under normal circumstances, 

 may be referred to in illustration of this occurrence, 

 while the adventitious spurs on the calyx of some 

 monstrous flowers seem due also to a like cause. 

 These have already been alluded to at p. 315. 



Enation from the corolla. The instances of this are 

 more frequent than in the case of the calyx, and admit 

 of classification according as they occur in polypetalous 

 or gamopetalous flowers, on the outer or inner surface 

 of the petals, &c. Under natural circumstances the 

 formation of scales, lobes, &c., from the petals, as in 

 some Caryophyllecey Sapindacece, &c. &c., may be ex- 

 plained, as already remarked, by this process, rather 

 than by fission, chorisis, or by substitution of petals 

 for stamens, &c. Each case must, however, be ex- 

 amined on its own merits, as it is not safe to decide 

 upon the arrangement of parts in one flower by simply 

 referring to the analogy of others. In the following 

 illustrations the course of development has not, in all 

 cases, been observed, and hence the explanation here 

 given must be taken with some reserve ; for should it 

 prove that the adventitious lobes, &c., are formed 

 simultaneously with the ordinary petals, the case will 

 be one of chorisis rather than of enation, as here 

 understood. Again, it may be that the supernumerary 

 organs really represent petals or stamens in disguise, 

 though this hypothesis demands the further assumption 

 (in order to account for the interference with the law 



' See C. Morren, " Consid. sur les deformations," &c., in ' Bull. Acad. 

 Belg.,' 1852, torn, xix, pai-t 3, p. 444; and as to ferns, see Moore, 

 ' Nature-Printed British Ferns,' 8vo ed., where numerous illustrations 

 are given. 



