424 



INDEX 



Cardamine pratensis, 201, 202 (Fig. 133), 

 216, 217 (Fig. 141), 309 



Carnation, 155 



Carolina, 286 



Carrot, 249 



Caryophyllaceae, 234, 310, 311 



Caspian Sea, 302 



Castalia, air leaves, 32; effect of frost 

 on seeds, 243; floating leaves, 30, 146, 

 159; geophytic habit, 217, 323; length 

 of peduncle and petiole, 31 (Fig. 15), 

 40; pigmented variety, 276; rhizome, 

 24-26 (Fig. II), 39, 217; seedlings, 28 

 (Fig. 13), 29; seeds, 302; stipules, 25, 

 26 (Fig. II); submerged leaves, 29, 

 146, 159; terjestrial form, 32 



Castalia alba. 24, 25, 26 (Fig. 11), 27, 

 28 (Fig. 13), 29-31 (Fig. 15), 32, 243, 

 276, 302 



Castalia flav a, 37 



Castalia Lotus, 34, 36, 37 (Fig. 19), 225 



Castalia pygmaea, 33 



Castelnavia, 117, 295, 306 



Caucasus, 302 



Ceratophyllaceae, 84-90, 318, 320 



Ceratophylluni demersum, 8490; affini- 

 ties, 84, 309, 312; cuticularisation, 

 86; distribution, 295, 297, 298; effect 

 of strong illumination, 279 ; epiphytic 

 fauna, 88; flowers, 84, 85 (Fig. 54); 

 freezing, effect of, 88, 89; hairs con- 

 taining mucilage, 86, 272 ; high 

 temperatures necessary for fruiting, 

 88, 275; in biological classification, 8 ; 

 in deep water, 86, 288; leaf, anatomy 

 of, 168, dimensionsof, 140, juvenile, 86 

 (Fig. 55); luxuriance, 87; monoecism, 

 84, 85; movements, 90, 281 ; mucilage 

 hairs, 86, 272; perenniation, 215; 

 pollination, hydrophilous, 84, 85, 134, 

 237, 238; rhizoid branches, 88, 89 

 (Figs. 57 and 58), 98, 336, 337; roots, 

 absence of, 85, 204, 244; seedling, 85, 

 86 (Fig. 55); stem anatomy, 86, 87 

 (Fig. 56); vegetative reproduction, 

 87, 216, 219; water absorption, 269, 

 270; water content, 86 



Ceylon, 112, 216 



Chalky incrustation on leaves of 

 aquatics, 51 



Chantransia, 155 



Chara, 288 



ChiH, 181 



Chimborazo, 290 



China, 17 



Chlorophyll, in epidermis of aquatics, 

 164, 168 (Fig. 109), 169, 254; in epi- 

 dermis of terrestrial plants, 164, 165 



Chydorus sphaericus, as food of Utri- 

 cularia, 94 



Cirsium anglicum, 198, 199 (Fig. 130) 



Classification, biological, of hydrophytes, 

 4-8, 42 



Cleistogamy, 233, 234; in Alisma, 234; 

 Bulliarda {Tillaea), 234; Echinodorus, 

 234; Euryale, 34, 234; Heter anther a, 

 234 (Fig. 153); Hydrothrix, 234; Ille- 

 cebriim, 234; Limosella, 233, 235; 

 Nesaea, 234; Peplis, 234; Podostemon, 

 121 (Fig. 82), 234; Ranunculus, 233, 

 234; Rotala, 234; Tillaea, 234; Tya- 

 pella, 234 



Climate and life-cycles, 275 



Cnicus arvensis, 200 



Cnicus pratensis, 198, 199, 200 



Codium tomentosum, 123 



"Collet;" development of root-hairs 

 from, 245 



Colocasia, 303 



Colonisation of waters, 289, 298, 299 



Commissioners' Pits, Upware, 217 



Competition, aquatic life as a refuge 

 from, 324, 325 



Compositae, 151, 313, 320, 321 



Conifers, "Youth forms" of, 155 



Copepods, as food of Utricularia, 94 



Cotton, aliens accompanying, 303 



Cotula myriophylloides, 313 



Crassulaceae, 234, 310 



Cruciferae, 216, 309 



Crustacea, as food of Utricularia, 93, 



94 



Cuscuta alba, 5, 199 (Fig. 131) 



Cuticle, slight development of, in 

 hydrophytes, 163, 254, 260 



Cuyuni River, 119 



Cyclamen, 240 



Cymodocea, absence of apical openings 

 in leaves, 269; anatomy, 125 (Fig. 84), 

 131. 331; chlorophyll in epidermis, 

 164; flowers, 126; grappling apparatus 

 of fruit, 127, 245; habit, 124 (Fig. 83), 

 125; leaf form, 124; life-history, 124 

 (Fig. 83)-127; pollination, hydro- 

 philous, 126, 237; regarded as Alga, 

 123; spiral roots, 205; squaniidae 

 intravaginales, 126; vivipary, 127, 246 



Cymodocea aequorea, 124 (Fia;. 83), 125 

 (Fig. 84), 126, 127, 246 



Cymodocea antarciica, 123, 127, 205, 245 



Cymodocea isoetifolia, 124 



Cyperaceae, 154, 317, 326 



Cypris, as food of Utricularia, 94 



Damasonium stellatum, 23 



Danube, 212 



Daphnidae, as food of Utricularia, 94 



Darwin, Erasmus, on evolution, 334 



Delayed germination in aquatics, 36, 



71, 72, 243-244 

 Delesseria Leprieurii, 114 

 "Dents nageoires," 133, 314, 315 

 Depth to which plants can grow, 86, 



123. 275 

 Desmanthus natans. See Neptuma 



oleracea 



