TREATMENT FOR SPECIAL WEEDS IO7 



least six inches deep. Our experience has shown that 

 quack grass roots do not penetrate through the soil much 

 beyond a depth of four or five inches, very few going be- 

 yond six inches. The following season sow with grain. 

 After the grain is removed plow the land and harrow in 

 such a way as to get all the roots on the surface, and re- 

 peat the disking and harrowing as often as the grass 

 occurs, once a week if necessary. 



The Cover Method. Covering with tarred paper, ma- 

 nure, or straw is effective when well done. When 

 tarred paper is used the edges should be thoroughly cov- 

 ered with dirt. The grass must remain covered at least 

 six months. If manure is used it must be compact, a 

 foot or more in depth. Straw, which is much looser, 

 must be several feet in thickness. 



Professors Eaton and Edson of Vermont report success 

 in the treatment for quack grass, "no matter how 

 seriously infested, by the following procedure: (i) Ridg- 

 ing the rows just before the corn sprouts, using a disc 

 hoe or any other tool which makes a ridge over the row. 

 (2) Cultivating three days later with a five-toothed culti- 

 vator, or a heavy two-horse hoe, carrying side hoes, 

 (such as potato-hilling hoes turned backwards), draw- 

 ing the soil away from the sides of the ridges previously 

 made, so that the subsequent harrowing can more effec- 

 tively level them. (3) Harrowing or weeding (prefer- 

 ably the former) the same day. (4) Cultivating twice 

 thoroughly, a week or ten days later. (5) Weeding the 

 same day, still further leveling the ridges and improv- 

 ing the soil mulch. (6) Cultivating thoroughly and shal- 

 low every week or ten days thereafter, so long as it can 

 be done without injuring the crop, the oftener the better. 

 (7) Hand hoeing in mid-July." 



Perennial Sow Thistle. The perennial sow thistle is 

 one of the most troublesome weeds of eastern Canada 

 and in a few of the northern states. Prof. J. E. 



