112 WEEDS OF THE FARM AND GARDEN 



blown in from neighboring fields and roadsides. Cultiva- 

 tion will readily destroy the weed and where it is abun- 

 dant in fields shallow cultivation, followed by the disk and 

 harrow, should be effective. 



Mustard. The first and most important consideration 

 in connection with the extermination of mustard is that 

 the oats or wheat should be freed from mustard seed. 

 Then this grain should be sown on clean fields, prefer- 

 ably fields that have been in pasture or meadow. Noth- 

 ing has done so much to remove the weeds from the 

 fields of northwestern Iowa as the pasture and meadow. 

 If the grain is sown in a corn field there should have been 

 no mustard the previous season. Having sown the small 

 grain on a clean field, there is always a chance that some 

 of the seeds will retain their vitality in the soil. If much 

 of this mustard should come up it may become necessary 

 to spray it with iron sulphate. Where the mustard is 

 abundant this is a very effective means of destroying the 

 weeds, using the sulphate at the rate of one hundred 

 pounds to a barrel of water. 



Indian Mallow or Butter Print. Much complaint has 

 come to us about Indian mallow or butter print. This 

 weed, which is very common in many parts of the country, 

 is of course readily destroyed by cultivation. The only 

 trouble is that so much of the seed retains its vitality for 

 a considerable length of time, how long has not been 

 definitely determined. The best treatment for this plant 

 is to get the field into meadow or pasture, leaving it in 

 this condition for a number of years and then planting to 

 corn and following the usual rotation. 



Morning Glory. The morning glory, though a trouble- 

 some weed in many parts of the North, does not seem to 

 be quite as pernicious in its character as quack grass. In 

 response to the queries sent out it is found that the best 

 treatment that can be given the morning glory is to turn 

 it into pasture. Cattle, sheep and hogs are very effective 



