384 WESTERN GRAZING GROUNDS AND FOREST RANGES 

 Stag. A male animal that was not castrated until late In life. 



Stallion. A male of the equine species. Often called an "entire" 



horse. 



Steer. A castrated male of the bovine species. 

 Swallow Fork. A V-shaped piece taken out of the point of the 



ear. , 



Swaybacks. Animals whose backs are unusually bent or swayed. 



A sign of physical weakness. 



Tapaderos, Taps. Heavy leather covers or hoods to go over stir- 

 rups of saddle. 

 The Drags. Those animals that are found at the tail end of the 



herd as it travels. 

 Under Bit, Over Bit. A V-shaped piece taken out of the lower 



or upper part of the ear. 

 Vnrrusn. (Spanish.) Wattle. A distinguishing mark for both 



sheep and cattle made by cutting a strip of hide down 



about 2 inches, allowing it to hang like a tassel or wattle. 



Usually made on the cheeks or necks. 



Vegra Spanish for meadow; also a rafter in an adobe house. 

 Wet Band, Lamb Band. Ewes whose lambs are old enough to 



follow their mothers on the range. 

 Wether. A castrated male sheep. 

 Wrangler. The horse herder for a roundup outfit. 



