2 6o THE WHEAT PLANT 



however, usually have a dark outer margin. Like var. dinurum this is one of the 

 most extensively cultivated varieties of T. turgidum, being adapted to a compara- 

 tively wide range of climate. It is grown in England, France, Germany, Italy, 

 Spain, and Portugal, and occasionally in Australia and the United States of 

 America. Flaksberger says it is not found in Russia. 



1. Pisana francesca. A distinct winter form received from Spain and 

 Portugal ; the flat-faced, narrow-sided ear suggests a relationship to T. vulgar e. 



Young shoots, prostrate ; young leaves pubescent. 



Straw, tall to very tall, 130-150 cm. (about 50-60 inches) high, hollow with 

 thick walls. 



Ear, 8-9 cm. long, 13-15 mm. across the face, 10-12 mm. across the side ; 

 spikelets broad, 22-24, 3- to 4-grained ; = 24-27 ; awns divergent, 9-10 cm. 

 long, deciduous (Ear type, Fig. 155). 



Empty glume, short, inflated, blue-grey on a red ground, 6 mm. long ; apical 

 tooth curved, acute, i mm. long (4, Fig. 152). 



Grain, mealy, pale yellowish-red, large, with prominent dorsal ridge ; 7-5 mm. 

 long, 4 mm. broad, 3-9 mm. thick. 



Pole-rivet, formerly cultivated in England, appears to have been allied to 

 this form. 



2. Pe"tianelle noire de Nice. A spring form received from France. 

 Young shoots, erect ; young leaves pubescent. 



Straw, very tall, 140 cm. (about 56 inches) high, striate ; upper internode solid. 



Ear, lax, 11-15 cm - l n > square, narrow, 10-12 mm. across the sides ; 

 spikelets 26-30, 3- to 4-grained ; = 22-27 ; awns 12-14 cm. long, deciduous 

 when ripe (Ear types 1,2, Fig. 156). 



Empty glume, 7 mm. long, blue-black with a glaucous surface ; apical tooth 

 acute, broad at the base, about i mm. long (Forms i, 4, Fig. 152). 



Exposed parts of the flowering glume blue-black, the parts covered by the 

 empty glumes pale yellowish-red. 



Grain, more or less flinty, large, not always plump ; 7-5 mm. long, 3-5 mm. 

 broad, 3-8 mm. thick. 



A distinct and striking form only suited to a warm climate. 



Forte Nero from Italy and an unnamed form from Spain closely resemble 

 Petianelle noire de Nice, and " Andriolo nero " and Grano nero are synonym- 

 ous Italian forms. 



Very similar also is Reynold's Discovery received from Australia, with 

 hollow straw and large flinty grain ; 8-2 mm. long, 3-9 mm. broad, 3-9 mm. thick. 



3. Blue Cone. -A winter form, a select line of which, introduced by the 

 author, is grown in the southern half of England. 



A similar form under the name Poulard d'Australie or Poulard bleu is 

 grown in the north of France. 



Young shoots, prostrate ; young leaves pubescent ; blades narrow. 



Straw, very tall, 150 cm. (about 58 inches) high, striate ; the upper internode 

 hollow with thick walls. 



Ear, pendulous when ripe, 9-10 cm. long, tapering a little towards the apex,. 



