COMMON BREAD WHEAT 275 



times irregularly arranged on the rachis, 3 -grained ; = 21-25 (Ear type i, 

 Fig. 176). 



Empty glume, 10 mm. long ; apical tooth 2-3 mm. long (9, 14, Fig. 165). 



Grain, short, mealy, or semi-flinty, 6- 1-6-5 mm - l n g 3' 2 '3*5 mm - Droa d 

 3*2-3-4 mm. thick. 



Boermaker and Ecksteen, with softer glumes, and pale yellowish-green 

 leaves, obtained from the Transvaal, are allied forms, probably derived originally 

 from India. 



It is almost impossible to grow any of these wheats in England on account 

 of their susceptibility to attacks of Yellow Rust (Puccinia glumarum). 



2. An early form received from Ispahan, Persia. 

 Young shoots, erect. 



Straw, of medium height, 100 cm. (about 40 inches) high ; leaves glaucous. 



Ear, lax, 9-10 cm. long, somewhat quadrate, 10 mm. across the face and side, 

 with plump spikelets and short, stiff awns 3-6 cm. long ; spikclcts 15-18, plump, 

 2 ~ t 3-grained ; D = 16-19 (^ ar tyP * Fig. ! 74)- 



Empty glume, 9 mm. long, keeled to the base, lateral nerves distinct, apex 

 broad ; apical tooth short, curved, 1-2 mm. long. 



Grain, large, semi-flinty, plump; 7-4 mm. long, 3-55 mm. broad, 3-35 mm. 

 thick. 



3. Trigo Candeal. A mid-season spelt-like form obtained from several 

 districts in Spain and from Italy. 



Young shoots, erect. 



Straw, tall, 120 cm. (about 48 inches) high ; upper internode with thick, pithy 

 walls or solid ; leaves glaucous. 



Ear, lax, rigid, 10-12 cm. long, somewhat quadrate, 2-11 mm. across the 

 face and side ; awns slender, 6-9 cm. long ; spikclcts 18-22, 3-grained ; I) 17- 

 21 (Ear type 2, Fig. 173, lax). 



Empty glume, 9 mm. long, keeled to the base , apex broad, lateral nerve 

 prominent ; apical tooth acute, 3-5 mm. long (6, 20, Fig. 165). 



Grain, large, semi-flinty, 7-3-8 mm. long, 3-7-4 mm. broad, 3-4 mm. thick. 



4. Agh Bogda (White Wheat).- -A mid-season spelt-like form received from 

 Tabriz, Persia. 



Young shoots, erect or semi-erect. 



Straw, of medium height, 90-1 10 cm. (30-44 inches) high ; leaves glaucous. 



Ear, lax, 9-11-5 cm. long, flattish, 13 mm. across the face, 8 nun. across the 

 two-rowed side, with somewhat slender awns 6-9 cm. long ; spikelets 18-22, 

 3-grained ; I) = 18-21 (Kar type i, Fig. 171). 



Empty glume, 8-9 mm. long, keeled to the base, apex broad, apical tooth or 

 awn 2-5 mm. long (6, 8, Fig. 105). 



Grain, semi-flinty or mealy, 6-5 nun. long, 3 P 2-3'7 mm. broad, 3-3-2 mm. 

 thick. 



Allied spelt-like forms under the names Kizil Goon (golden colour) and 

 Ablakh (spotted), with broader glumes and larger grain (7-1 mm. long, v^ mm. 

 broad, 3-5 mm. thick), were obtained from Tabri/ and also from Turkestan. 



