32 THE WHEAT INDUSTRY 



methods may be in this case done by machinery. 

 Small hand machines like those used in sowing 

 grass seed or machines fastened to wagons and 

 driven by power transmitted from the turning 

 wheels are often employed. This latter type is 

 known as the end-gate seeder and was formerly 

 used extensively for sowing spring wheat in old 



FIG. 19. Sowing by hand. A method now used only for small fields or where 

 primitive agricultural methods are still employed. 



corn fields. The common broadcast seeder, a 

 separate machine drawn by horse power, consists 

 of a hopper connected with a series of scattering 

 devices which spread the seed evenly over the 

 ground. Such a machine is of light draft and is 

 made in various widths from eight to twenty-four 

 feet. 



