CHAPTER XVII 

 WHEAT IN EUROPE 



EVERY country in Europe produces wheat. 

 Even on the plateaus and mountain regions of 

 Montenegro, of Switzerland, of northern Spain, 

 and of Portugal, it is an important food supply. 

 In some of these places, however, where soil and 

 climate are unfavorable to the common wheats, 

 the small primitive type, Einkorn, is the only 

 kind that is grown. Commercially wheat is of 

 great importance only in the following countries : 

 Russia, Austria-Hungary, the Balkan States, Italy, 

 Spain, France, Germany, and the United Kingdom. 

 These countries are representative of all parts of 

 Europe. 



The Wheat Region of Russia. - - Climate and 

 Soil. - - Practically all of European Russia south of 

 latitude 58-6o, as far as temperature is concerned, 

 permits wheat production. The actual wheat re- 

 gion, however, begins several degrees farther south. 

 The rainfall varies from less than 10 inches per 

 year in the southeastern part to about 24 inches 

 in the region near the Baltic Sea. The greater part 

 of the rainfall occurs during the growing season. 



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