AS A FOREST TREE IN GERMANY. 



69 



The preceding table shows how the slow growth of the first five years which the White Pine 

 has in common with the Norway Spruce is overcome before the fifteenth year, aud by the twen- 

 tieth year the White Pine has distanced the Scotch Pine, gaining on it constantly until, by the 

 ninetieth year, it has outgrown it 12 per cent. 



Dimensions and yields of White Pine in German forests. 



From these figures the capacity of the White Pine to produce large amounts of valuable stem- 

 wood is apparent. Thus, on soil on which the 100-year-old trees developed only a height of 92 

 feet, over 13,000 cubic feet of stemwood, corresponding to about 60,000 to 70,000 feet B. M., 

 American scale, were cut per acre over and above about 1,200 cubic feet of material removed in 

 previous thinnings. In every case the White Pine excels the common pine, and even the Spruce 

 in this respect. It should be added that most of these plantations, made in the early part of this 

 century, were not executed according to present superior methods, the species being an exotic and 

 expensive was set out more in orchard fashion, as most planters in our country have been apt 

 to do, at distances of 8, 12, aud more feet apart. Owing to this fact the development was prob- 

 ably not as satisfactory in the earlier years as it might have been had the method of close planting, 

 either pure or in mixture, prevailed. 



The superiority of growth over the German Spruce and Pine is more fully illustrated in the 

 following table, which shows the distribution aud proportion of trees of White Pine and Spruce 

 and of White Pine and Scotch Pine that are found in given diameter classes in two mixed planted 

 growths of these species : 



Jlistributioit and proportion of White Pine and Spruce and White Pine and Scotch Pine. 



It appears that nearly 32 per cent of the White Pine is over 12 inches in diameter, as against 

 less than 7 per cent of the Spruce, while 35 per cent of White Pine, as against 6.5 per cent of 

 Scotch Pine, developed over 12 inches in the mixture of these two, and over 11 per cent of the 

 former belongs to sizes above 14 inches, which is hardly reached at. that age by its competitor. 

 These figures prove clearly that the White Pine excels the Scotch Pine even during the age of 



