INDEX 



References to definitions of terms or characteristics of plants and animals are in italics; illus- 

 trations in heavy -faced type; other references are in ordinary type. 



Acadian period, 46, 47 



Adaptations: to aquatic life, 101; to 



light, 101 



Adder's tongue, Erythronium ameri- 

 canum 



Aftonian glacial period, 57 



Alumroot, Heuchera americana 

 Amphibians, Frogs, Salamanders, 

 Toads: 



Bufo lentiginosus, toad, 102, 152, 255 



Chorophilus nigritus, spring peeper, 94 



Diemictylus viridescens, the eft, 188, 

 189 



Hyla: 



picker ingii, 165, 166, 219 

 versicolor, 165, 166, 219 



Plethedon cinereus, red-backed sala- 

 mander, 219 



Rana: 



aatesbeiana, bullfrog, 240 

 clamata, green frog, 240 

 palustris, pickerel frog, 240, 241 

 syhatica, 219, 220 

 mrescens, leopard frog, 240 



Amphibole, 72 



Amygdaloid, 74 



Anacharis, see Flowering plants 



Anemone, Anemonella thallictr aides 



Angelica, see Flowering plants 



Animal census, 150 



Ant, carpenter, 165 



Anticline, 18 



Ant-lion: association, 150, 159, 163; 

 Myrmelion, 160 



Aphids, 165 



Aquatic insects, adaptations of, 104 



Aquatic leaf form, 102, 103 



Arachnida, Spiders, Mites: 



Argiope, the orb weaver, 188, 190 



Dendryphantes octavus, 158 



Dolomedes sexpunctatus, diving spi- 

 der, 104 



Epeira gigas, 220, 223, 225 



Hydrachna, red water mite, 94 



Limnochares aquaticus, water mite, 



i7S 

 Lycosa wrightii, burrowing spider, 99, 



154 



Neocosoma arabesca, 220, 223, 225 

 Pardosa lapidicina, 260, 261 

 Phidippus atidax, 223, 225 

 Philodromus alaskensis, 158 

 Tetragnatha laboriosa, long-bodied 



spider, 270, 271 

 Theridium spirale, 159 

 Trochosa cinerea, sand-colored spider, 



152, 153 

 Xysticus formosus, 158 



Arcella, 290 

 Archaeozoic, 30, 31, 41 

 Arrowhead, Sagittaria latifolia 

 Ash-elm association, 241 

 Aster blossom, spider of, 108 

 Aster, rush, Aster junceus 

 Atmosphere, beginnings, 26 



Back swimmer, see Hemiptera 



Baneberry, Actaea 



Bare-bottomed ponds, 179 



Basalt, 19, 75, 76 



Bat, brown, see Mammals 



Beach association, 115, 119 



Bearberry, Arctostaphylos Uva-ursi 



Bee, carpenter, 219 



Beetles, see Coleoptera 



Beggar-ticks, Bidens frondosa 



Bedstraw, Galium aparine 



Bellflower, marsh, Campanula apari- 



noides 



Bellwort, Uvularia grandiflora 

 Bender, see Crustaceae 

 Bergamot, Monarda fistttlosa 

 Betelgeuse, 21 



