324 



A NATURALIST IN THE GREAT LAKES REGION 



Plankton, food of fish, 109 

 Platteville-Galena limestone 

 Polyzoan, Pectinella magnified, 240 

 Ponds: filling of, 15, 16, 167, 232; in 



dunes, 167, 179; first type, 168, 179; 



second type, 182, 183; third type, 



179, 193, 194 



Ponds, temporary, life of, 92 

 Pondweed, Potamogeton 

 Porphyry, 74 

 Pot holes, 86 



Potsdam formation, 46, 47 

 Prairie, 179, 242, 245 

 Predatory beetle association, 150 

 Preglacial river system, 58 

 Proterozoic, 30, 31, 41 

 Puccoon, Lithospermum canescens 

 Pyrite, 73 

 Pyroxene, 72 



Quarries, 36, 37, 45 



Quartz, 68, 69, 73 



Quartzite, 40 



Queen Anne's lace, Daticus Carota 



Rabbit, wild, see Mammals 

 Railroads, routes determined by, 88 

 Rain, an erosion agent, n, 27 

 Rainfall, effect on plant distribution, 95, 



96, 97 



Rattlebox, Crotalia sagittalis 

 Rattlesnake master, Eryngium yucci- 



folium 



Rattlesnake root, Prenanthes alba 

 Ravine: clay, 4, 259; formation of, 3, 



5, 6, 261; rock, 6, 7, 263 



Reptilia, Snakes, Turtles: 



Aromochelys odorata, musk turtle, 



178, 239 

 Aspidonectes spinifer, soft-shelled 



turtle, 239 

 Chelydra serpentina, snapping turtle, 



240 

 Chrysemus marginata, painted turtle, 



239, 240 

 Cnemidophorasexlineatus, sand lizard, 



99, 160, 161 

 Coluber constrictor, blue racer, 161 



Graptemys geographicus, geographic 



turtle, 239 

 Heterodon platirhinos, hog-nosed 



snake, 162 

 Leiopellis vernalis, prairie green snake, 



255 



Thamnophis radix, prairie garter 

 snake, 255 



Rice, wild, Zizania aquatica 



Richmond shale, 34, 38, 47, 52, 58 



Rivers, action of, 3, 27 



River bottom association, 271 



Rock: dumps, 12 



Rocks> 68; Chicago region, 38, 43; earli- 

 est, 25, 29, 39; igneous, 73; forma- 

 tion, 17, 28, 44; metamorphic, 39, 

 40, 76; Plutonic, 74; sedimentary, 

 17, 28, 29, 70; systems of, 31, 38; 

 table of, 75; volcanic, 73 



Rock River, 6, 54 



Rosin weed, Silphium terebinthinaccum 



Rotifers, 288 



Rotting log association, 225 



Rush bog, Juncus, several species 



Rush, spike, Eleocharis acicularis 



Sag Station, 8, 78 



St. John's-wort, Hypericum Kalmianum 



St. Peter's sandstone, 34, 38, 46, 54 



Salt Creek, 3, 4, 83 



Sandbars, 113 



Sarsaparilla, Aralia nudicaulis 



Sawfly, 257 



Saxifrage, swamp, Saxifraga penn- 

 syhanica 



Schist, 40, 77 



Sea rocket, Cakile edentida 



Seas, epicontinental, 44 



Seasonal distribution of plants, 92, 

 248 



Sedges, see Carex 



Sedimentation, 28 



Serpentine, 71 



Shale, 46, 76 



Shrubs : 



Actaea: 



alba, white baneberry, 210, 210, 211 

 rubra, red baneberry, 210 



