MAMMALIA. 1 1 



more daring by nature than others, and judicious training in most cases makes them 

 sufficiently stanch. Some, habituated to war, will drop their head, pick at grass in the 

 midst of fire, smoke, and the roar of cannon ; others never entirely cast off their natural 

 timidity. 



Horses have a very good memory ; they remember kind treatment ; in the darkest 

 nights they will find their way homeward, if they have but once passed over the same 

 road. 



We all know to what extent horses may be educated to perform a variety of tricks, 

 appear dead, simulate fear or rage, &c., &c. 



In submission to a master, the horse is affected by kind treatment as much as the dog 

 and elephant; for although habitually his actions show timidity, they are more an 

 effect of good temper than fear, for where severity is unreasonably exercised, obedience 

 readily granted to kind treatment becomes doubtful, and sooner or later breaks out in 

 vicious resentment, and oppression has its limits. 



In emulation to surpass a rival, no more convincing instance can be cited than in the 

 case of a race-horse finding his competitor begin to head him in the course, seizing him 

 by the fore-leg with such firm teeth, that both jockeys were obliged to dismount to part 

 them. 



All these intellectual and moral qualities vary in horses as much as the physical ; for 

 spirit and daring is not more universal than timidity and cowardice ; memory, prudence, 

 aptitude in some, heedlessness, stupidity, and obstinacy in others j these distinctions are 

 not always individual, but commonly generical, and propagated with the other charac- 

 ter of races and breeds, enter in the composition of the original forms of each stock ; 

 and it will be found in treating of them, that the most beautiful and noble are also the 

 most gentle and most educated. 



THE ARABIAN EACE. 



Habitually in company with mankind, all the Arabian breeds become exceedingly 

 gentle and intelligent j a look or a gesture is sufficient to make them stop, take up with 

 their teeth the rider's jereed, or any other object he may have dropped, stand by him if 

 he has fallen off their backs, come to his call, and fight resolutely in his defence ; even 

 if he be sleeping they will rouse him in case of danger. 



Although the Arabian steed may not be acknowledged by amateurs, of exceeding 

 fast going, as perfect in form, no race is possessed of a more beautiful head, for above 

 the eyes it is squarer, and below the nose is plane and more tapering than any other ; 

 the muzzle being fine, short, and adorned with wide and delicate nostrils ; the eyes are 

 very prominent, large, and brilliant ; the ears small, pointed, movable ; the jaws and 

 cheeks adorned with minute swelling veins ; the head is well set on the neck, which 

 arches gracefully, and is bedecked with a fine but rather deficient mane ; the withers 

 are high ; the shoulders inclining and beautifully adjusted ; the chest and body perhaps 

 not sufficiently ample, but yet spreading out behind the arms to give room for action to 

 the lungs and heart, which are in proportion larger than in any other kind of horse ; 

 the limbs are remarkably fine, sinewy, and firmly jointed j the legs flat and clean, with 

 pasterns rather long and flexible, so that with an oblique position they appear to the 

 heavier European not quite so strong as is desirable ; but considering that in stature 

 these horses do not often exceed fourteen hands and three-quarters, it is evident from 



