82 NATURE AND THE CAMERA 



prompts them to come so near ; but with many it is 

 the spirit of friendship, and with these, though they 

 are most exasperating, one cannot be angry. While 

 the animals are being fed is usually the best time 

 to secure photographs, as then their attention is 

 devoted to the food, and to watching each other, if 

 there are several in a cage, and the camera has little 

 or no attraction for them. If the rules of the Zoo 

 permit visitors to feed the animals, it is a good plan 

 to come provided with such dainties as would be 

 most appreciated. By placing the food where you 

 wish your subject to stand, you may be sure of his 

 going there; only you may generally be equally sure 

 of his back being turned toward you. So the best 

 way is to throw food to a point farther from you 

 than you wish the animal to stand, then when he is 

 there throw another piece nearer; in this way, as he 

 has to turn back to get the food, he will be more 

 likely to stand either facing or broadside to you. 

 By such methods you can sometimes induce an ani- 

 mal to overcome its natural aversion to going to the 

 place you wish. Whenever possible it is advisable 

 to avoid having the iron bars and other such unne- 

 cessary and unbeautiful objects show in the picture. 

 A way to overcome this, where it is impossible to 

 secure a picture without the bars, is by double print- 

 ing; that is to say, block out all the background on 

 your negative, leaving the animal only ; then make a 



