UTILITY OF THE OX TRIBE TO MANKIND. 163 



carry butter to market. By gold-beaters, in the process 

 of making gold-leaf. Gold-beater's skin, as it is called, 

 forms the most innocent sticking plaster for small cuts on 

 the hands or fingers. 



The STOMACHS vulgarly called inwards, after being 

 washed and boiled, are sold as an article of food under the 

 name of tripe. 



The EXCREMENTITIOUS MATTERS are used to manure the 

 land. 



The BONES are used as a substitute for ivory in the 

 manufacture of a variety of small articles of a common 

 kind ; also for manuring land. When calcined they are 

 used as an absorbent to carry off the baser metals in 

 refining silver. From the tibia and carpus is procured 

 an oil much used by coach-makers and others in dressing 

 and cleaning harness, and all trappings belonging to 

 carriages. 



FLESH, both fresh and salted, is generally esteemed as 

 an article of food. Pemmican is made of the flesh of the 

 American Bison : this is dried in the sun by the Indians, 

 spread on a skin, and pounded with stones. When the 

 Indians have got it into this state, they sell it to the 

 different forts, where all the hair is carefully sifted out of 

 it, and melted fat kneaded into it. If it be well made, 

 and kept dry, it will not spoil for a year or two. 



MILK, a nutritious beverage, per se, is used in the 

 composition of innumerable articles of diet ; from milk is 

 obtained cream, butter, and cheese. 



