172 THE OX TRIBE. 



SUB-GENERIC CHARACTERS. 



" Sub-genus I. BUBALUS. Animals low in proportion 

 to their bulk ; limbs very solid ; head large, forehead 

 narrow, very strong, convex; chaffron straight; muzzle 

 square, horns lying flat, or bending laterally with a certain 

 direction to the rear; eyes large; ears mostly funnel- 

 shaped ; no hunch ; a small dew-lap ; female udder with 

 four mammas ; tail long ; slender." 



This sub-genus comprises Cape Buffalo, Pegasse, Arnee, 

 Domestic Buffalo. 



"Sub-genus II. BISON. Forehead slightly arched, 

 much broader than high ; horns placed before the salient 

 line of the frontal crest ; the plane of the occiput forming 

 an obtuse angle with the forehead and semicircular in 

 shape; fourteen or fifteen pairs of ribs; the shoulders 

 rather elevated ; the tail shorter ; the legs more slender ; 

 the tongue blue; the hair soft and woolly." 



This sub-genus comprises Aurochs, Gaur, American 

 Bison, Yak, Gayal. 



" Sub-genus III. TAURUS. Forehead square from the 

 orbits to the occipital crest, somewhat concave, not convex, 

 or arched as in the former; the horns rising from the 

 sides of the salient edge or crest of the frontals ; the plane 

 of the occiput forming an acute angle with the frontal, 

 and of quadrangular form; the curve of the horns out- 

 wards, upwards, and forwards; no mane; a deep dew-lap; 

 thirteen pairs of ribs ; tail long ; udder four teats in a 

 square." 



This sub-genus comprises the Urus and the Domestic Ox. 



