xii Contents. 



CHAPTER X. 



THE FEELINGS OF ANIMALS: THEIR APPETENCES AND EMOTIONS. 



' I'AGK 



Pleasure and pain : their organic limits . . . . 379 



Their directive value 



An emotion exemplified 



Sensitiveness and sensibility .. .. .. 385 



The expression of the emotions . . 385 



The postponement of action . . . . . . . . . . 385 



The three orders of emotion . . . . . . . . . . 390 



The capacities of animals for pleasure and pain 391 



Sense-feelings . . . . . . . . . . . . 393 



Some emotions of animals . . . . . . . . . . 395 



The necessity for caution in interpretation . . . . . . . . 399 



The sense of beauty . . . . . . . . . . 407 



Can animals be moral ?.. .. .. .. .. ..413 



Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . 414 



CHAPTER XI. 



ANIMAL ACTIVITIES : HABIT AND INSTINCT. 



The nature of animal activities . . . . . . . . . . 415 



The outer and inner aspect . . . . . . . . . . 417 



The inherited organization . . . . . . . . 419 



Habitual activities .. .. .. .. .. .. 420 



Instinctive activities . . . . . . . . . . . . 422 



Innate capacity . . . . . . . . . . 426 



Blind prevision . . . . . . . . . . . . 429 



Consciousness and instinct . . . . . . . . 432 



Mr. Romanes's treatment of instinct . . . . . . . . 434 



Lapsed intelligence and modern views on heredity . . . . 435 



Three factors in the origin of instinctive activities . . . . . . 447 



The emotional basis of instinct . . . . . . . . 449 



The influence of intelligence on instinct . . . . . . . . 452 



The characteristics of intelligent activities . . . . . . 456 



The place of volition . . . . . . . . . . . . 459 



Perceptual and conceptual volition . . 460 



Consciousness and consentience . . . . . . . . . . 46 1 



Classification of activities . . . . . . . . . . 462 



CHAPTER XII. 



MENTAL EVOLUTION. 



Is mind evolved from matter ? .. .. .. .. ..464 



Kinesis and metakinesis . . . . . . . . . . 467 



Monistic assumptions . . . . . . . . . . . . 470 



The nature of ejects . . . . . . . . . . 476 



