20 WILD AND CULTIVATED COTTONS 



who possessed suitable land to grow cotton, hemp, or flax. The 

 Brazilian following year (1776) the Declaration of Independence was pro- 

 uppeared claimed in the United States. In 1782 muslins were first made in 

 land 08 England, and in that year South American or Brazilian cotton began 



b , efore , to be regularly received. Two years later a ship brought fourteen 

 that of . , _ 



the States, bales of cotton from America to Liverpool, of which eight were seized 



on the ground that so much cotton could not have been produced in 



the United States. In 1784 cotton was grown in the States for the 



express purpose of being exported, and thus 150 years after the first 



Green- attempts at introducing the cultivation. In 1786 the green-seeded 



seed plant co tton was, in the States, the most largely grown of all kinds, but in that 



grown. year black-seeded cotton (very possibly G. mtifolium) was definitely 



mentioned as having been introduced from the Bahamas into Georgia, 



and two years later its cultivation was attempted by Mrs. Kinsey 



Burden in South Carolina. In 1790 Mr. Elliott, of Hilton Head, near 



Beaufort, procured seed from Charleston of a black-seeded cotton, 



Sea Island presumably ' Sea Island,' and endeavoured to cultivate the same. 



to'the 8eUt Donnell (' Hist. Cotton,' 1872, p. 48) tells an interesting story which 



States would seem to throw some light on the history of Sea Island cotton. 



Pernam- It was raised from Pernambuco seed, sent from Jamaica by Patrick 



cotton Walsh to his friend, Leavet, who removed to an island off the coast 



of Georgia, and there grew the seed with much success in 1789. The 



first regular exportation of cotton from Charleston was made in 1785, 



when one bag arrived in Liverpool, consigned to Messrs. John & Isaac 



Teasdale & Co. 



Efforts Dr. Hove was sent to India in 1787 to study the Indian cotton 



made to trade and Indian cotton plants, but his mission was resented by the 

 improve % J 



Indian East India Company, and his report was not published for sixty 



years after his return to England. Shortly after the date of Hove's 

 visit, the East India Company commenced, however, a series of 

 experiments with a view to improve the quality and increase the 

 quantity of cotton produced in India. 



Samuel Slater, an English mechanic from the cotton mills, 

 emigrated to America possessed of sufficient knowledge to enable 

 him to introduce into the States Arkwright's and the other English 

 patents that had been hitherto so carefully guarded. English mobs 

 destroyed in 1790 several cotton factories that were driven by steam 

 or water power. Whitney's saw-gin was invented in America. 

 English Up to this point, England obtained her supplies of raw cotton 



supplyand f rom tne Levant, India, the West Indies, and South America, the 

 market. 



