SECTION II : VAR. WIGHTIANA 149 



Gujarat. Still further to the south (in the Madras Presidency) the 

 uppams of Tinnevelly, Coimbatore, &c., closely correspond with the 

 goghari cottons, while the tellapatti or jowari-hatti (hybrid) cottons 

 of Bellary and Kurnool in some respects answer to the wagria of 

 North Gujarat. 



Much useful information on the cotton (cultivation and trade) of Indian 

 India will be found in Lord Auckland's Minute published in 1839, j^} *" 

 and the following works may also be consulted with advantage : 

 Briggs, The Cotton Trade of India, Royal As. Soc. 1839, pp. 1-88, with 

 map ; Chapman, The Cotton and Commerce of India, 1851 ; Boyle, 

 Culture and Commerce of Cotton in India, 1851 ; Cassels, Cotton in 

 Bombay Presidency, 1862 a volume of 800 pages in which the name 

 Gossypium is not even mentioned ; Wheeler, Handbook Cotton Cult. 

 Madras ; Shortt, Prize Essay on Cotton Cult, in India, 1862 ; Mallet, 

 Conditions Involved in Successful Cult., 1862 ; Rivett-Carnac, Repts. 

 Cotton Dept. 1867-9 ; Maddox, Essay on Cult, of Cotton (Journ. Agri. 

 Hort. Soc. xm ; Walton, Hist. Cotton in Belgaum, 1880 ; Beaufort, 

 Cotton Production and Trade of India, 1902-3. 



Races. The Indian cultivated states (races) of this plant show Indian 



races, 

 sufficient distinctive features to warrant their retention in a position 



by themselves that is to say, apart from those of Africa and other 

 countries. I have, therefore, accepted the name G. Wightianum for 

 the Indian series collectively, partly because, since Todaro's day, that 

 name has come largely into use, and partly also because none of the 

 Indian vernacular names are comprehensive enough to include the 

 extensive assemblage of races that it is now desired to indicate very 

 briefly : 



(A) PROBABLE PURE BACKS. 



(a) Kahnami: The deshi cottons of Broach, Surat, Navsari, Baroda, Descrip- 

 &c. The plants of this set are larger and more vigorous, than is the case 

 with any other Indian cotton. Stems well formed, but sparsely branched ; 

 leaves larger and broader (more like those of G. herbaceum) than is 

 customary in India; flowering -branches mostly elongated secondary shoots 

 (proliferous), with solitary axillary flowers, often pendulous; peduncles 

 deflexed, so that the fruits become pendant; glands on the apex of the 

 peduncle often very large, those on the calyx within the bracteoles often 

 absent; corolla very often relatively short, and suddenly and widely 

 expanding; pods triangular in section, abruptly acute, and with deep 

 depressions between the septa ; floss very soft and silky, separating easily 

 from the seeds, but does not protrude much from the pod, and, owing to the 

 small size of the bracteoles, is usually remarkably clean. 



This most important and valuable plant is found on deep, black soil ; 

 is sown in June, and harvested in January to March. A good crop may 



